Xu Zhongming, Chen Nanjie, Huang Sheng, Wang Shuanjin, Han Dongmei, Xiao Min, Meng Yuezhong
The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China.
Molecules. 2024 Sep 20;29(18):4480. doi: 10.3390/molecules29184480.
High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) have become one of the important development directions of PEMFCs because of their outstanding features, including fast reaction kinetics, high tolerance against impurities in fuel, and easy heat and water management. The proton exchange membrane (PEM), as the core component of HT-PEMFCs, plays the most critical role in the performance of fuel cells. Phosphoric acid (PA)-doped membranes have showed satisfied proton conductivity at high-temperature and anhydrous conditions, and significant advancements have been achieved in the design and development of HT-PEMFCs based on PA-doped membranes. However, the persistent issue of HT-PEMFCs caused by PA leaching remains a challenge that cannot be ignored. This paper provides a concise overview of the proton conduction mechanism in HT-PEMs and the underlying causes of PA leaching in HT-PEMFCs and highlights the strategies aimed at mitigating PA leaching, such as designing crosslinked structures, incorporation of hygroscopic nanoparticles, improving the alkalinity of polymers, covalently linking acidic groups, preparation of multilayer membranes, constructing microporous structures, and formation of micro-phase separation. This review will offer a guidance for further research and development of HT-PEMFCs with high performance and longevity.
高温质子交换膜燃料电池（HT-PEMFCs）因其突出特点，包括快速的反应动力学、对燃料中杂质的高耐受性以及易于热管理和水管理，已成为质子交换膜燃料电池的重要发展方向之一。质子交换膜（PEM）作为HT-PEMFCs的核心部件，对燃料电池的性能起着最为关键的作用。磷酸（PA）掺杂膜在高温无水条件下表现出令人满意的质子传导率，基于PA掺杂膜的HT-PEMFCs在设计和开发方面取得了显著进展。然而，由PA浸出导致的HT-PEMFCs的持续性问题仍然是一个不可忽视的挑战。本文简要概述了HT-PEMs中的质子传导机制以及HT-PEMFCs中PA浸出的潜在原因，并重点介绍了旨在减轻PA浸出的策略，如设计交联结构、引入吸湿纳米颗粒、提高聚合物的碱性、共价连接酸性基团、制备多层膜、构建微孔结构以及形成微相分离。本综述将为高性能和长寿命HT-PEMFCs的进一步研发提供指导。
