Wang Yanpeng, Liu Cuiyu, Hu Jiasong, Wu Kaiyun, Gong Bangchu, Xu Yang
Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China.
Guizhou Forestry and Grassland Development Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Sep 23;13(18):2663. doi: 10.3390/plants13182663.
Maxim is a high-value species of fruit oil with edible, abundant linoleic acid and polyphenols. is described as a dioecious species, and the flowers are male; female and bisexual flowers are produced on separate plants. In order to explore the flower types of , the morphology of its flowers and inflorescence were investigated in this study. The flower and inflorescence types, the diameter, and the flowering sequencing in male and female inflorescence were determined. We also detected the length, width, and fresh weight of leaves, shoots, and female inflorescence, as well as the length and fresh weight of the petiole during the development. Additionally, we compared the length, width, the length/width ratio, and the flowering density between 5- and 7-year-old female trees. The phenological period observation of showed that the development process can be roughly divided into 12 stages, including bud burst, leaf expansion, inflorescence growth, initial flowering, full flowering, flower decline, initial fruiting, fruit enlargement, fruit color change, fruit ripening, post-ripening of fruit, and leaf fall periods. Furthermore, four elites' fruit determined the oil content and the composition of fatty acid content during the development. The dynamic of fatty acids contents, the palrnitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linolenic acid contents were detected during the fruit development of four elites. Moreover, the mineral elements content of fruit of four elites during development were determined. The patterns of vegetative and reproductive growth in young dioecious trees of provided the theoretical basis for artificial pruning and training.
马克西姆是一种具有食用价值、富含亚油酸和多酚的高价值果油品种。它被描述为雌雄异株物种，花朵为雄花；雌花和两性花分别生长在不同的植株上。为了探究其花型，本研究对其花和花序的形态进行了调查。确定了花和花序类型、直径以及雄花序和雌花序的开花顺序。我们还检测了叶片、嫩枝和雌花序在发育过程中的长度、宽度和鲜重，以及叶柄的长度和鲜重。此外，我们比较了5年生和7年生雌树之间的长度、宽度、长宽比和开花密度。对其物候期的观察表明，发育过程大致可分为12个阶段，包括芽萌动、展叶、花序生长、初花、盛花、花谢、初果、果实膨大、果实变色、果实成熟、果实后熟和落叶期。此外，对四个优良品种的果实发育过程中的含油率和脂肪酸组成进行了测定。在四个优良品种的果实发育过程中，检测了脂肪酸含量的动态变化，包括棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚麻酸的含量。此外，还测定了四个优良品种果实发育过程中的矿质元素含量。马克西姆雌雄异株幼树营养生长和生殖生长的模式为人工修剪和整形提供了理论依据。
