Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
ISB-Ion Source & Biotecnologie Srl, Rho, 20017 Milan, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 11;16(18):3068. doi: 10.3390/nu16183068.
Extra virgin olive oil is a fundamental component of the Mediterranean diet. It contains several molecules that sustain human well-being by modulating cellular metabolism and exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ageing effects to protect normal tissues, and it can exert anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic effects on cancer cells. Metabolites found in different parts of the olive tree, including leaves, also possess properties that might help in cancer prevention and promote wellness in aging. Olive mill wastewater (OMWW), a liquid residue produced during olive oil extraction, represents an environmental issue. However, it is rich in phytochemicals with potential beneficial properties. Dietary supplements based on OMWW can be produced for nutritional supplementation with advantages to the ecology.
This work aims to measure hematochemical, anthropometric, and metabolomic parameters in volunteers taking an OMWW dietary supplement, Oliphenolia (OMWW-OL).
The supplementation of OMWW-OL 25 mL twice daily for 30 days was tested on a pilot cohort of volunteers with characteristics close to metabolic syndrome. Hematochemical, anthropometric, serum biomarkers and serum metabolomic parameters were analyzed before the intervention, at 30 days, and 30 days after stopping consumption.
A total of 29 volunteers were enrolled, and 23 completed the study. The participants' parameters at baseline were measured, and then twice daily at 30 days of treatment and 30 days after assumption discontinuation. Although treatment was with an olive derivative, their weight did not increase. Their body mass index, instead of augmenting, slightly decreased, particularly in the women. Also, hydration increased, especially in the women, while blood pressure, glycemia, and insulin decreased. Cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides were stable, and LDL levels decreased, while vitamin D levels, alongside calcium, perceptibly increased. Albumin also increased. All the values were in support of an equilibrium, with no damaging effects. By mass spectrometry analysis, we also found favorable changes in the vitamin D/histamine and homocysteine/methionine ratios, an increase in a new metabolite of unknown formula, and the vitamin D/unknown metabolite ratio.
Supplementation of OMWW-OL has no detrimental effects and might imply the beneficial modulation of several biological parameters. Although this is a small pilot study, with limited potency, it preliminarily suggests that the OMWW extract use could be potentially valuable for people at risk of metabolic syndrome. Some of these parameters could also be relevant in supporting healthy ageing and in cancer prevention.
特级初榨橄榄油是地中海饮食的重要组成部分。它含有多种分子，通过调节细胞代谢，发挥抗氧化、抗炎和抗衰老作用来保护正常组织，还可以对癌细胞发挥抗血管生成和促凋亡作用。橄榄树不同部位（包括叶子）中的代谢物也具有预防癌症和促进衰老健康的特性。橄榄油提取过程中产生的液体残渣橄榄渣废水（OMWW）是一个环境问题。然而，它富含具有潜在有益特性的植物化学物质。可以生产基于 OMWW 的膳食补充剂，以进行营养补充，对生态具有优势。
本研究旨在测量服用橄榄渣废水膳食补充剂 Oliphenolia（OMWW-OL）的志愿者的血液生化、人体测量和代谢组学参数。
在代谢综合征特征接近的志愿者小样本队列中，每天两次服用 OMWW-OL 25 毫升，持续 30 天。在干预前、30 天和停止摄入 30 天后分析血液生化、人体测量、血清生物标志物和血清代谢组学参数。
共纳入 29 名志愿者，其中 23 名完成了研究。测量了参与者的基线参数，然后在治疗 30 天和停止服用后 30 天每天两次测量。尽管使用的是橄榄油衍生物，但他们的体重并没有增加。他们的体重指数没有增加，而是略有下降，尤其是女性。此外，水合作用增加，尤其是女性，而血压、血糖和胰岛素水平降低。胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯保持稳定，LDL 水平下降，而维生素 D 水平与钙一起明显增加。白蛋白也增加了。所有值都支持一种平衡，没有造成损害。通过质谱分析，我们还发现维生素 D/组氨酸和同型半胱氨酸/蛋氨酸比值的有利变化，一种新的未知公式代谢物的增加，以及维生素 D/未知代谢物比值的增加。
OMWW-OL 的补充没有不良影响，可能意味着对几种生物参数的有益调节。尽管这是一项小型的初步研究，效力有限，但它初步表明，OMWW 提取物的使用对于有代谢综合征风险的人可能具有潜在价值。其中一些参数在支持健康衰老和预防癌症方面也可能具有相关性。
