Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Research Unit of Histology & Embryology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 11;16(18):3069. doi: 10.3390/nu16183069.
Food intake regulation is a complex mechanism involving the interaction between central and peripheral structures. Among the latter, the gastrointestinal tract represents one of the main sources of both nervous and hormonal signals, which reach the central nervous system that integrates them and sends the resulting information downstream to effector organs involved in energy homeostasis. Gut hormones released by nutrient-sensing enteroendocrine cells can send signals to central structures involved in the regulation of food intake through more than one mechanism. One of these is through the modulation of gastric motor phenomena known to be a source of peripheral satiety signals. In the present review, our attention will be focused on the ability of the glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) hormone to modulate gastrointestinal motor activity and discuss how its effects could be related to peripheral satiety signals generated in the stomach and involved in the regulation of food intake through the gut-brain axis. A better understanding of the possible role of GLP-2 in regulating food intake through the gut-brain axis could represent a starting point for the development of new strategies to treat some pathological conditions, such as obesity.
摄食调节是一个复杂的机制，涉及中枢和外周结构之间的相互作用。在外周结构中，胃肠道是神经和激素信号的主要来源之一，这些信号到达中枢神经系统，中枢神经系统将它们整合，并将产生的信息向下游传递到参与能量平衡的效应器器官。营养感应肠内分泌细胞释放的胃肠激素可以通过多种机制向参与摄食调节的中枢结构发送信号。其中之一是通过调节已知是外周饱腹感信号来源的胃动力现象。在本综述中，我们将注意力集中在胰高血糖素样肽 2（GLP-2）激素调节胃肠道动力活动的能力上，并讨论其作用如何与胃中产生的与通过肠道-大脑轴调节摄食有关的外周饱腹感信号相关。更好地了解 GLP-2 通过肠道-大脑轴调节摄食的可能作用可能为开发治疗肥胖等某些病理状况的新策略提供一个起点。
