Department of Biology, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Dr., Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
Environmental Genomics, Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém 66055-090, PA, Brazil.
Viruses. 2024 Sep 3;16(9):1411. doi: 10.3390/v16091411.
Members of the family, genus , represent a group of globally emerging pathogens of ecological and economic importance. In 2017, an amphibian die-off of wood frogs () and boreal chorus frogs () was reported in Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada. Isolation and complete genomic sequencing of the tissues of a wood frog revealed the presence of a frog virus 3 (FV3)-like isolate, ranavirus (RSR), with a genome size of 105,895 base pairs, 97 predicted open reading frames (ORFs) bearing sequence similarity to FV3 (99.98%) and a FV3-like isolate from a spotted salamander in Maine (SSME; 99.64%). Despite high sequence similarity, RSR had a unique genomic composition containing ORFs specific to either FV3 or SSME. In addition, RSR had a unique 13 amino acid insertion in ORF 49/50L. No differences were found in the in vitro growth kinetics of FV3, SSME, and RSR; however, genomic differences between these isolates were in non-core genes, implicated in nucleic acid metabolism and immune evasion. This study highlights the importance of viral isolation and complete genomic analysis as these not only provide information on ranavirus spatial distribution but may elucidate genomic factors contributing to host tropism and pathogenicity.
蛙科（Family ）、蛙属（Genus ）的成员是一类具有重要生态和经济意义的新兴全球病原体。2017 年，在加拿大伍德布法罗国家公园（Wood Buffalo National Park）报告了木蛙（）和北方合唱蛙（）的大量死亡。对木蛙组织的分离和完整基因组测序揭示了一种蛙病毒 3（FV3）样分离株，即虹彩病毒（RSR）的存在，其基因组大小为 105895 个碱基对，97 个预测的开放阅读框（ORFs）与 FV3（99.98%）和缅因州斑点蝾螈中的 FV3 样分离株（SSME；99.64%）具有序列相似性。尽管序列高度相似，但 RSR 具有独特的基因组组成，包含特定于 FV3 或 SSME 的 ORFs。此外，RSR 在 ORF49/50L 中具有独特的 13 个氨基酸插入。FV3、SSME 和 RSR 的体外生长动力学没有差异；然而，这些分离株之间的基因组差异存在于非核心基因中，这些基因与核酸代谢和免疫逃避有关。本研究强调了病毒分离和完整基因组分析的重要性，因为这些不仅提供了虹彩病毒空间分布的信息，还可能阐明了导致宿主嗜性和致病性的基因组因素。
