Masterson Evelyn, Anderson Emma, Savoia Elena
Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation and Practice Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Aug 26;12(9):959. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12090959.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy had major implications for racial health equity at the beginning of the vaccination campaign in the U.S. Interventions to reduce vaccine hesitancy among Black and African American individuals partially helped to reduce vaccine hesitancy in specific communities. This article describes findings on interventions to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black and African American individuals from a literature review we conducted. We found 12 studies that described communication, partnerships, and distribution interventions. Regarding communication, examples include a webinar hosted by an academic-community partnership team, information sessions, social media campaigns, educational materials, and virtual town halls. Effective partnerships identified through this literature review were a statewide alliance and one between an academic institution and faith and community leaders. Distribution interventions identified through the literature review were the deployment of multiple tactics to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake (virtual town halls, a confidential employee hotline, department huddles, written educational material, and accessible vaccination stations) and offering to administer the COVID-19 vaccine during medical appointments. The results of this review show that implementing interventions directed at specific minority groups improves COVID-19 vaccine acceptance without undermining overall vaccine distribution or uptake.
在美国疫苗接种运动初期，对新冠疫苗的犹豫态度对种族健康公平性产生了重大影响。减少黑人和非裔美国人对疫苗犹豫态度的干预措施在一定程度上有助于降低特定社区的疫苗犹豫情绪。本文描述了我们通过文献综述得出的关于减少黑人和非裔美国人对新冠疫苗犹豫态度的干预措施的研究结果。我们发现了12项描述沟通、伙伴关系和分发干预措施的研究。关于沟通，例子包括由学术-社区伙伴关系团队主办的网络研讨会、信息发布会、社交媒体活动、教育材料和虚拟市政厅会议。通过本次文献综述确定的有效伙伴关系包括一个全州范围的联盟以及一个学术机构与宗教和社区领袖之间的伙伴关系。通过文献综述确定的分发干预措施包括采用多种策略来提高新冠疫苗接种率（虚拟市政厅会议、员工保密热线、部门碰头会、书面教育材料以及便利的接种站），并在医疗预约期间提供新冠疫苗接种服务。本次综述结果表明，针对特定少数群体实施干预措施可提高对新冠疫苗的接受度，同时又不会影响整体疫苗分发或接种率。
