Cassirame Johan, Eustache Esther, Garbellotto Lucas, Chevrolat Simon, Gimenez Philippe, Leprêtre Pierre-Marie
Laboratory Culture Sport Health and Society (C3S-UR 4660, Sport and Performance Department, University of Franche-Comte, 25000, Besançon, France.
France EA 7507, Laboratoire Performance, Santé, Métrologie, Société, 51100, Reims, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2025 Feb;125(2):523-533. doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05614-z. Epub 2024 Sep 28.
Training zones are generally assessed by gas-exchange thresholds (GET). Several mathematical analyses of heart rate variability (HRV) are proposed for indirect GET determination. Our study aimed to investigate the accordance of the detrend fluctuation analysis (DFA α1) for determining GET with first (VT1) and second ventilatory (VT2) thresholds in well-trained subjects.
Eighteen female and 38 male sub-elite cyclists performed a maximal incremental cycling test of 2-min stage duration with continuous gas exchange and HR measurements. Power output (PO), Oxygen uptake ( O) and HR at VT1 and VT2 were compared with DFA α1 0.75 (HRVT1) and 0.50 (HRVT2). Agreements between PO, O and HR values were analyzed using Bland-Altman analysis.
Large limits of agreement between VT1 and HRVT1 were observed for measures of O expressed in mL.min.kg [- 21.3; + 14.1], HR [ 39.2; + 26.9] bpm and PO [- 118; + 83] watts. Indeed, agreements were also low between VT2 and HRVT2 for measures of O [- 26.7; + 4.3] mL.min.kg, HR [- 45.5; + 10.6] bpm and PO [- 157; + 35] watts. Our results also showed a sex effect: women obtained worst predictions based on DFA α1 than men for HR (p = 0.014), PO (p = 0.044) at VT1 and (p = 0.045), HR (p = 0.003) and PO (p = 0.004) at VT2.
There was unsatisfactory agreement between the GET and DFA α1 methods for VT1 and VT2 determination in both sex well-trained cyclists. Trial registration number 2233534 on 2024/03/05 retrospectively registered.
训练区间通常通过气体交换阈值（GET）来评估。有人提出了几种心率变异性（HRV）的数学分析方法用于间接确定GET。我们的研究旨在调查在训练有素的受试者中，去趋势波动分析（DFAα1）用于确定GET与第一通气阈值（VT1）和第二通气阈值（VT2）的一致性。
18名女性和38名男性次精英自行车运动员进行了持续2分钟阶段的最大递增骑行测试，同时连续测量气体交换和心率。将VT1和VT2时的功率输出（PO）、摄氧量（VO₂）和心率与DFAα1 0.75（HRVT1）和0.50（HRVT2）进行比较。使用Bland-Altman分析来分析PO、VO₂和心率值之间的一致性。
对于以mL·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹表示的VO₂测量值，VT1与HRVT1之间观察到较大的一致性界限[-21.3；+14.1]，心率[39.2；+26.9]次/分钟，PO[-118；+83]瓦。实际上，对于VO₂[-26.7；+4.3]mL·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹、心率[-45.5；+10.6]次/分钟和PO[-157；+35]瓦的测量值，VT2与HRVT2之间的一致性也很低。我们的结果还显示出性别效应：在VT1时，基于DFAα1，女性在心率（p = 0.014）、PO（p = 0.044）方面以及在VT2时在VO₂（p = 0.045）、心率（p = 0.003）和PO（p = 0.004）方面的预测比男性差。
在训练有素的男女自行车运动员中，GET与DFAα1方法在确定VT1和VT2方面的一致性不令人满意。于2024年3月5日追溯注册，试验注册号为2233534。
