Adomako Michael Opoku, Jin Ling, Li Changchao, Liu Jian, Adu Daniel, Seshie Vivian Isabella, Yu Fei-Hai
Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1;954:176491. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176491. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
Wetland ecosystems are vital carbon dioxide (CO) sinks, offering significant nature-based solutions for global climate mitigation. However, the recent influx of microplastic (MP) into wetlands substantially impacts key drivers (e.g., plants and microorganisms) underpinning these wetland functions. While MP-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization potentially threaten the long-term wetland C-climate feedbacks, the exact mechanisms and linkage are unclear. This review provides a conceptual framework to elaborate on the interplay between MPs, wetland ecosystems, and the atmospheric milieu. We also summarize published studies that validate possible MP impacts on natural climate solutions of wetlands, as well as provide extensive elaboration on underlying mechanisms. We briefly highlight the relationships between MP influx, wetland degradation, and climate change and conclude by identifying key gaps for future research priorities. Globally, plastic production, MP entry into aquatic systems, and wetland degradation-related emissions are predicted to increase. This means that MP-related emissions and wetland-climate feedback should be addressed in the context of the UN Paris Climate Agreement on net-zero emissions by 2050. This overview serves as a wake-up call on the alarming impacts of MPs on wetland ecosystems and urges a global reconsideration of nature-based solutions in the context of climate mitigation.
湿地生态系统是重要的二氧化碳（CO）汇，为全球气候缓解提供了重要的基于自然的解决方案。然而，近期微塑料（MP）流入湿地对支撑这些湿地功能的关键驱动因素（如植物和微生物）产生了重大影响。虽然微塑料导致的温室气体（GHG）排放以及对土壤有机碳（SOC）矿化的影响可能威胁到湿地碳与气候的长期反馈，但确切机制和联系尚不清楚。本综述提供了一个概念框架，以阐述微塑料、湿地生态系统和大气环境之间的相互作用。我们还总结了已发表的研究，这些研究验证了微塑料对湿地自然气候解决方案可能产生的影响，并对潜在机制进行了详细阐述。我们简要强调了微塑料流入、湿地退化和气候变化之间的关系，并通过确定未来研究重点的关键差距来得出结论。在全球范围内，塑料产量、微塑料进入水生系统以及与湿地退化相关的排放预计都会增加。这意味着微塑料相关排放和湿地 - 气候反馈应在联合国《巴黎气候协定》到2050年实现净零排放的背景下加以解决。本综述敲响了微塑料对湿地生态系统产生惊人影响的警钟，并敦促在气候缓解背景下对基于自然的解决方案进行全球重新审视。
