Biochemical Toxicology, Biochemical Pharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory (BTBPRB&P-RL), Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Biochemical Toxicology, Biochemical Pharmacology, Reproductive Biochemistry and Phytomedicine Research Laboratory (BTBPRB&P-RL), Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jan 30;337(Pt 2):118852. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118852. Epub 2024 Sep 26.
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Anthonotha macrophylla, a plant with extensive ethnomedicinal uses, has various parts attributed to healing properties. The bark is claimed to be used to treat venereal diseases while the roots are used to treat intestinal discomfort. Gum extract from the bark provides pain relief, while the leaves are used for treating gonorrhoea, diarrhoea, and malaria. Additionally, the leaves are believed to enhance sexual behaviour. Although the age-long folkloric use of Anthonotha macrophylla leaf as aphrodisiac in female rats was substantiated with scientific evidence, the study did not account for the aphrodisiac activity in paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rat model.
This study investigated the aphrodisiac activity of aqueous extract of Anthonotha macrophylla leaves (AEAML) in paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction male rats (PISDMR).
Forty-two male rats (144.86 ± 1.21 g) were assigned into six groups (A-F). Group A received distilled water only, while PISDMR in Groups B, C, D, E and F received distilled water, 7.14 mg/kg body weight of sildenafil citrate (reference drug), 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of AEAML once daily for 7 days. Data were analyzed using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test at a 5% level of significance after the determination of male sexual behaviour parameters and associated biochemical indices.
AEAML contained 8 mineral elements and 14 amino acids; potassium (368.24 mg/100g) and glycine (352.70 mg/100g) were the most abundant while cadmium (0.01 mg/100g) and histidine (0.70 mg/100g) were the least. Administration of paroxetine prolonged/increased (p < 0.05) the mount latency (ML), intromission latency (IL), ejaculation latency (EL), post-ejaculatory interval (PEI), and lowered/reduced (p < 0.05) the mount frequency (MF), intromission frequency (IF) and ejaculation frequency (EF). Paroxetine also decreased the weight of the caudal epididymis, seminal vesicle, ventral prostate, and testis, levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), dopamine, acetylcholine (ACH), nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and increased the levels of serotonin, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), phosphodiesterase V (PDE V) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of the animals. In contrast, AEAML significantly (p < 0.05) lowered/reduced the paroxetine-induced related increases in the ML, IL, EL, PEI, and prolonged/increased (p < 0.05) the paroxetine-induced related decreases in the MF, IF and EF. The AEAML also reversed (p < 0.05) the paroxetine-induced related decreases in the weight of the caudal epididymis, seminal vesicle, ventral prostate, testis, levels of DHT, testosterone, LH, FSH, dopamine, ACH, NO, cGMP and the paroxetine-induced related increases in the levels of serotonin, GABA, PDE V and AChE.
AEAML contains aphrodisiac bioactive agents that can be explored as drug lead for MSD.
Anthonotha macrophylla 是一种具有广泛民族医学用途的植物，其各个部分都具有治疗特性。据称，树皮用于治疗性病，而根部用于治疗肠道不适。树皮的树胶提取物可缓解疼痛，而叶子则用于治疗淋病、腹泻和疟疾。此外，人们认为叶子可以增强性行为。虽然长期以来民间使用 Anthonotha macrophylla 叶作为雌性大鼠的春药已得到科学证据的证实，但该研究并未考虑到在雄性大鼠模型中，百忧解诱导的性功能障碍中春药活性。
本研究旨在调查 Anthonotha macrophylla 叶的水提取物（AEAML）在百忧解诱导的性功能障碍雄性大鼠（PISDMR）中的催情活性。
将 42 只雄性大鼠（144.86±1.21g）分为六组（A-F）。A 组仅接受蒸馏水，而 B、C、D、E 和 F 组的 PISDMR 则接受 7.14mg/kg 体重的西地那非枸橼酸盐（参考药物），25、50 和 100mg/kg 体重的 AEAML 每天一次，共 7 天。在确定雄性性行为参数和相关生化指标后，使用单向方差分析（ANOVA）和 Tukey 的事后检验分析数据，置信度为 5%。
AEAML 含有 8 种矿物质元素和 14 种氨基酸；钾（368.24mg/100g）和甘氨酸（352.70mg/100g）含量最丰富，而镉（0.01mg/100g）和组氨酸（0.70mg/100g）含量最少。百忧解的给药延长/增加了（p<0.05）了勃起潜伏期（ML）、插入潜伏期（IL）、射精潜伏期（EL）、射精后间隔（PEI），并降低/减少了（p<0.05）了勃起频率（MF）、插入频率（IF）和射精频率（EF）。百忧解还降低了尾部附睾、精囊、腹侧前列腺和睾丸的重量，降低了二氢睾酮（DHT）、睾丸激素、促黄体激素（LH）、促卵泡激素（FSH）、多巴胺、乙酰胆碱（ACH）、一氧化氮（NO）、环鸟苷单磷酸（cGMP）的水平，增加了血清素、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、磷酸二酯酶 V（PDE V）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的水平。相比之下，AEAML 显著降低/减少了（p<0.05）了百忧解诱导的 ML、IL、EL、PEI 相关增加，并延长/增加了（p<0.05）了百忧解诱导的 MF、IF 和 EF 相关减少。AEAML 还逆转了（p<0.05）了百忧解诱导的尾部附睾、精囊、腹侧前列腺、睾丸重量的降低，DHT、睾丸激素、LH、FSH、多巴胺、ACH、NO、cGMP 水平的降低，以及血清素、GABA、PDE V 和 AChE 水平的升高。
AEAML 含有春药生物活性成分，可作为 MSD 的药物先导进行探索。
