School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Feb 1;12:8. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-8.
BACKGROUND: Arctium lappa L. root has traditionally been recommended as an aphrodisiac agent. It is used to treat impotence and sterility in China, and Native Americans included the root in herbal preparations for women in labor. However, its use has not been scientifically validated. The present study therefore investigated the effects of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. roots on sexual behavior in normal male rats. METHODS: Seventy-five albino male rats were randomly divided into five groups of 15 rats each. Rats in group 1 (control) were administered 10 mL/kg body weight distilled water (vehicle), group 2 received 60 mg/kg body weight sildenafil citrate (Viagra), while those in groups 3, 4, and 5 were given 300, 600, and 1,200 mg/kg body weight, respectively, of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. roots in the same volume. Female albino rats were made receptive by hormonal treatment. Sexual behavior parameters in male rats were monitored on days 3, 7 and 15 by pairing with receptive females (1:3). Male serum testosterone concentrations and potency were also determined. RESULTS: Oral administration of Arctium lappa L. roots extract at 600 and 1,200 mg/kg body weight significantly increased the frequencies of mount, intromission, and ejaculation frequency (p < 0.05). The latencies of mount and intromission were significantly reduced and ejaculation latency was prolonged. Administration of the extract also reduced the post-ejaculatory interval. The standard drug (Viagra) was more effective than the extract. The extract significantly increased the frequencies of all components of penile reflexes as well as serum testosterone levels, compared with the distilled water controls. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. roots enhances sexual behavior in male rats. The aphrodisiac effects of the plant extract may be related to the presence of flavonoids, saponins, lignans and alkaloids, acting via a multitude of central and peripheral mechanisms. These results thus support the traditional use of Arctium lappa L. root extract for treating impotence and sterility.
背景：牛蒡根传统上被推荐为一种壮阳药。在中国，它被用于治疗阳痿和不育症，而美洲原住民则将其根纳入妇女分娩的草药制剂中。然而，其用途尚未得到科学验证。因此，本研究调查了牛蒡根水提取物对正常雄性大鼠性行为的影响。
方法：75 只白化雄性大鼠随机分为 5 组，每组 15 只。第 1 组（对照组）给予 10 mL/kg 体重蒸馏水（载体），第 2 组给予 60 mg/kg 体重枸橼酸西地那非（伟哥），第 3、4 和 5 组分别给予 300、600 和 1200 mg/kg 体重的牛蒡根水提取物。雌性白化大鼠通过激素处理使其具有接受性。雄性大鼠的性行为参数在第 3、7 和 15 天通过与接受性雌性大鼠（1:3）配对进行监测。还测定了雄性血清睾酮浓度和勃起功能。
结果：牛蒡根提取物口服 600 和 1200 mg/kg 体重显著增加了交配、插入和射精频率（p<0.05）。交配和插入潜伏期明显缩短，射精潜伏期延长。提取物的给药还减少了射精后间隔。标准药物（伟哥）比提取物更有效。与蒸馏水对照相比，提取物显著增加了阴茎反射的所有成分的频率以及血清睾酮水平。
结论：本研究结果表明，牛蒡根水提取物增强了雄性大鼠的性行为。植物提取物的壮阳作用可能与类黄酮、皂苷、木脂素和生物碱的存在有关，这些物质通过多种中枢和外周机制发挥作用。这些结果支持传统上使用牛蒡根提取物治疗阳痿和不育症。
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