人工甜味饮料摄入的血清代谢组学标志物。
Serum Metabolomic Markers of Artificially Sweetened Beverage Consumption.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
出版信息
J Nutr. 2024 Nov;154(11):3266-3273. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.024. Epub 2024 Sep 26.
BACKGROUND
The consumption of artificially sweetened beverages is on the rise. Use of artificial sweeteners has been associated with adverse health outcomes. There is a need to identify novel objective biomarkers of artificially sweetened beverages in order to improve dietary assessment and to provide insight into their metabolic impact.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to identify serum metabolites that are associated with artificially sweetened beverage consumption.
METHODS
In the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, consumption of artificially sweetened beverages was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and fasting serum samples were collected during the first study visit (1987-1989). Participants were categorized as nonusers if they reported almost never consumption of artificially sweetened beverages, moderate users for 1 glass/mo to 6 glasses/wk, and heavy users for ≥1 glasses/d. Untargeted metabolomic profiling was conducted in 2 subgroups (subgroup 1: n = 1866, profiled in 2010; subgroup 2 profiled in 2014: n = 2072), and 360 metabolites were analyzed. In this secondary data analysis, multivariable linear regression models were used, adjusting for demographics, health behaviors, health status, and dietary factors. Analyses were conducted in each subgroup and results meta-analyzed.
RESULTS
In a meta-analysis of 3938 generally healthy participants (mean age, 54 y; 60% women; 62% Black participants) from ARIC study visit 1, 11 serum metabolites were significantly associated with artificially sweetened beverage consumption. Heavier consumption of artificially sweetened beverages was associated with higher concentrations of 10 metabolites (saccharin, threonate, erythronate, glycerate, gluconate, mannitol, glucose, tryptophan betaine, trehalose, and N6-acetyllysine) and lower concentrations of glycocholenate sulfate.
CONCLUSIONS
Eleven serum metabolites are related to artificially sweetened beverage intake, which consist of known sugar substitutes, processed food additives, glucose-related compounds, and gut microbiome-related metabolites. These findings enhance our knowledge of the metabolic activity of artificial sweeteners and suggests new biomarkers for monitoring intake.
背景
人工甜味饮料的消费呈上升趋势。使用人工甜味剂与不良健康结果有关。为了改进饮食评估并深入了解其代谢影响，有必要确定人工甜味饮料的新型客观生物标志物。
目的
我们旨在确定与人工甜味饮料消费相关的血清代谢物。
方法
在动脉粥样硬化风险社区（ARIC）研究中，使用食物频率问卷评估人工甜味饮料的消费，并且在第一次研究访问期间（1987-1989 年）采集空腹血清样本。如果参与者报告几乎从不消费人工甜味饮料，则将其归类为非使用者；如果报告每周消费 1 杯至 6 杯，则归类为中度使用者；如果报告每天消费≥1 杯，则归类为重度使用者。在 2 个亚组（亚组 1：n = 1866，于 2010 年进行分析；亚组 2：n = 2072，于 2014 年进行分析）中进行了非靶向代谢组学分析，并分析了 360 种代谢物。在这项二次数据分析中，使用多变量线性回归模型进行分析，调整了人口统计学，健康行为，健康状况和饮食因素。在每个亚组中进行分析，并对结果进行荟萃分析。
结果
在 ARIC 研究访问 1 的 3938 名一般健康参与者（平均年龄 54 岁；60％为女性；62％为黑人参与者）的荟萃分析中，11 种血清代谢物与人工甜味饮料的消费显著相关。人工甜味饮料的摄入量越大，与 10 种代谢物的浓度越高（糖精，苏糖醇，赤藓醇，甘油酸，葡萄糖酸，甘露醇，葡萄糖，色氨酸甜菜碱，海藻糖和 N6-乙酰赖氨酸），与胆酸甘氨酸硫酸盐的浓度越低。
结论
11 种血清代谢物与人工甜味饮料的摄入有关，其中包括已知的糖替代品，加工食品添加剂，葡萄糖相关化合物和肠道微生物组相关代谢物。这些发现增进了我们对人工甜味剂代谢活性的了解，并为监测摄入量提供了新的生物标志物。
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