Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Section, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, GB, Great Britain.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 28;14(1):22483. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-73055-x.
The olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi, 1790), is the major insect pest of olives attacking both cultivated and wild olive. Bactrocera oleae carries a primary and vertically transmitted symbiont, the bacterium Candidatus Erwinia dacicola. As any primary symbiont, it plays an important role in the reproduction and lifespan of the fly. The genetic 16S rRNA diversity of the primary symbiont and the mitochondrial haplotype variation of the insect host were simultaneously examined in 54 olive fly populations. The aim was to unravel the biogeographic patterns of this economically relevant host-bacteria interaction across a wide distribution area. Three symbiont haplotypes were identified. The primary symbiont showed a lower haplotype diversity than that of its host, a characteristic indicative of a long-term interaction. A significant genetic and geographic association between host and primary symbiont was observed, with an East-West genetic differentiation pattern in the Mediterranean basin, coinciding with the historical genetic distribution of the olive tree. The study shows promise, informing and aiding the development of future tools for the control of the olive fly.
橄榄实蝇，Bactrocera oleae（Rossi，1790），是攻击橄榄树的主要昆虫害虫，包括栽培和野生橄榄。Bactrocera oleae 携带一种主要的、垂直传播的共生菌，即 Candidatus Erwinia dacicola。作为任何主要共生菌，它在蝇的繁殖和寿命中起着重要作用。在 54 个橄榄实蝇种群中，同时检查了主要共生菌的遗传 16S rRNA 多样性和昆虫宿主的线粒体单倍型变异。目的是揭示这种具有经济相关性的宿主-细菌相互作用在广泛分布区域的生物地理模式。确定了三种共生菌单倍型。主要共生菌的单倍型多样性低于其宿主，这是长期相互作用的特征。观察到宿主和主要共生菌之间存在显著的遗传和地理关联，在地中海盆地呈现出东西向的遗传分化模式，与橄榄树的历史遗传分布一致。该研究具有一定的前景，为未来控制橄榄实蝇的工具的开发提供了信息和帮助。
