Kieu Talia, Ma Haijing, Rohde Jacob A, Gottfredson O'Shea Nisha, Hall Marissa G, Brewer Noel T, Noar Seth M
Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2025 Feb;52(1):102-112. doi: 10.1177/10901981241278565. Epub 2024 Sep 29.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a public education campaign, , that reduced youth susceptibility to tobacco product use. We sought to identify the mechanisms that may underlie the impact of ads on susceptibility to vaping to inform youth tobacco prevention campaigns. Our online randomized controlled trial (clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04836455) examined a large sample of U.S. adolescents ( = 1,348) who had multiple exposures to ads or control videos over a 3-week period in 2021. To examine potential mediating pathways between t ads and susceptibility to vaping, we examined theory-based psychosocial and message-related variables. The largest impact of ads on susceptibility was via more negative attitudes toward vaping (ββ -0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [-0.25, -0.06]). Other mediation paths were via improved health harm risk beliefs (ββ = -0.08; 95% CI = [-0.13, -0.04]), addiction risk beliefs (ββ = -0.04; 95% CI = [-0.06, -0.01]), injunctive norms against vaping (ββ = -0.05; 95% CI = [-0.09, -0.02]), negative affect (ββ = -0.05; 95% CI = [-0.08, -0.02]), and cognitive elaboration (ββ = -0.03; 95% CI = [-0.05, -0.003]). Our findings suggest that ads that target negative attitudes may decrease susceptibility to vaping among youth. Our findings also introduce normative pressure as a novel factor that may be important for vaping prevention messages.
美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）开展了一项公众教育活动，该活动降低了青少年对烟草制品使用的易感性。我们试图确定可能是FDA广告对电子烟使用易感性产生影响的潜在机制，以为青少年烟草预防活动提供信息。我们的在线随机对照试验（clinicaltrials.gov，标识符NCT04836455）对大量美国青少年（n = 1348）进行了研究，这些青少年在2021年的3周时间内多次接触FDA广告或对照视频。为了研究FDA广告与电子烟使用易感性之间潜在的中介途径，我们研究了基于理论的心理社会和与信息相关的变量。FDA广告对易感性的最大影响是通过对电子烟产生更消极的态度（ββ = -0.16；95%置信区间[CI] = [-0.25, -0.06]）。其他中介途径是通过改善对健康危害风险的认知（ββ = -0.08；95% CI = [-0.13, -0.04]）、成瘾风险认知（ββ = -0.04；95% CI = [-0.06, -0.01]）、反对电子烟的禁令规范（ββ = -0.05；95% CI = [-0.09, -0.02]）、消极情绪（ββ = -0.05；95% CI = [-0.08, -0.02]）和认知加工（ββ = -0.03；95% CI = [-0.05, -0.003]）。我们的研究结果表明，针对消极态度的广告可能会降低青少年对电子烟使用的易感性。我们的研究结果还引入了规范压力这一可能对电子烟预防信息很重要的新因素。
