State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130012, China; Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130012, China; College of Geographic Science and Tourism, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China.
State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130012, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Dec 5;480:135958. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135958. Epub 2024 Sep 25.
Although the increasing accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in terrestrial soil ecosystems has aroused worldwide concern, research remains limited on their potential impacts on soil processes and ecosystem functionality. Here, through a 41-day microcosm experiment, we found that polylactic acid (PLA), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and polypropylene (PP) MPs consistently increased soil carbon nutrients and pH but had varying effects on soil nitrogen nutrients and the chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Different treatments led to notable shifts in the α-diversity and composition of soil microbial community, with phyla Proteobacteria and Ascomycota consistently enriched by MPs regardless of polymer type. The emissions of CO and NO were suppressed by MPs in most cases, which in combination led to a decline in global warming potential. LDPE and 1 - 1.5 % of PLA MPs significantly improved the multifunctionality of the soil ecosystem, while PP and 0.5 % of PLA MPs exerted an opposite effect. Soil total organic carbon, pH, DOM molecular mass and condensation degree, and CO emissions were identified as the most important variables for predicting soil ecosystem multifunctionality. Results of this study can extend the current understanding of the impacts of MPs on soil biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem functionality.
虽然微塑料（MPs）在陆地土壤生态系统中不断积累引起了全球关注，但对其潜在影响土壤过程和生态系统功能的研究仍然有限。在这里，通过 41 天的微宇宙实验，我们发现聚乳酸（PLA）、低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）和聚丙烯（PP） MPs 一致增加了土壤碳养分和 pH 值，但对土壤氮养分和溶解有机物质（DOM）的化学多样性有不同的影响。不同的处理导致土壤微生物群落的 α-多样性和组成发生显著变化，无论聚合物类型如何，细菌门和子囊菌门都被 MPs 持续富集。在大多数情况下， MPs 抑制了 CO 和 NO 的排放，这两者结合导致全球变暖潜势下降。LDPE 和 1-1.5%的 PLA MPs 显著提高了土壤生态系统的多功能性，而 PP 和 0.5%的 PLA MPs 则产生了相反的效果。土壤总有机碳、pH 值、DOM 分子量和缩合度以及 CO 排放被确定为预测土壤生态系统多功能性的最重要变量。本研究的结果可以扩展 MPs 对土壤生物地球化学循环和生态系统功能影响的现有认识。
