Department of Behavioural Sciences and Health, Nursing Area, Faculty of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.
Faculty of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.
J Diabetes Complications. 2024 Nov;38(11):108871. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108871. Epub 2024 Sep 23.
To evaluate the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and periphereal artery disease (PAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
An observational sectional study was conducted with 174 patients diagnosed with T2DM, of which 78 patients had PAD. A patient was considered to have PAD if they obtained an ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.9 and/or absence of both distal pulses in one of the two feet. Data on sociodemographic and anthropometric variables, physical activity, smoking habits, biochemical blood parameters, and comorbidities were recorded. Good adherence to the MD was considered with a score ≥ 9 in MEDAS-14. Vascular factors independently associated with adherence to the MD in patients with T2DM were identified through multivariate logistic regression analysis.
ABI, DFU, intermittent claudication and pedal pulse absence correlated with MD adherence. DFU, intermittent claudication and posterior tibial pulse absence were associated with the final score obtained in the MEDAS-14. Nut consumption, white meat preference and sautéed dish intake were associated with PAD presence. Multivariate analysis linked MD adherence to sex (OR = 0.044, 95 % CI 0.003-0619), age (OR = 0.139, 95 % CI 0.029-0.666), duration of T2DM (OR = 7.383, 95 % CI 1.523-35.779) and age at diagnosis of T2DM (OR = 6082, 95 % IC 1.415-26.136), as well as the presence of DFU (OR = 0.000, 95 % IC 0.000-0.370) and intermittent claudication (OR = 0.004, 95 % IC 0.000-0.534).
Adherence to the MD is associated with a reduction in vascular complications in T2DM, highlighting its potential as a dietary intervention strategy.
评估 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者坚持地中海饮食（MD）与外周动脉疾病（PAD）之间的关系。
进行了一项观察性横断面研究，纳入了 174 名诊断为 T2DM 的患者，其中 78 名患者患有 PAD。如果患者踝肱指数（ABI）<0.9 和/或双脚中任何一只脚的远端脉搏缺失，则认为患者患有 PAD。记录了社会人口统计学和人体测量学变量、体力活动、吸烟习惯、生化血液参数和合并症的数据。采用 MEDAS-14 评分≥9 来评估 MD 的良好依从性。通过多变量逻辑回归分析确定与 T2DM 患者 MD 依从性相关的独立血管因素。
ABI、DFU、间歇性跛行和足底脉搏缺失与 MD 依从性相关。DFU、间歇性跛行和后胫骨脉搏缺失与 MEDAS-14 最终得分相关。坚果摄入、白肉偏好和炒盘摄入与 PAD 存在相关。多变量分析将 MD 依从性与性别（OR=0.044，95%CI 0.003-0.619）、年龄（OR=0.139，95%CI 0.029-0.666）、T2DM 病程（OR=7.383，95%CI 1.523-35.779）和 T2DM 诊断年龄（OR=6082，95%CI 1.415-26.136）以及 DFU（OR=0.000，95%CI 0.000-0.370）和间歇性跛行（OR=0.004，95%CI 0.000-0.534）的存在相关。
坚持 MD 与 T2DM 血管并发症的减少相关，突出了其作为一种饮食干预策略的潜力。
