Wei Xinyu, Zhang Ming, Min Rui, Jiang Zhilong, Xue Jiayang, Zhu Zhonghua, Yuan Haibing, Li Xiaorui, Zhao Dongyue, Cao Peng, Liu Feng, Dai Qingyan, Feng Xiaotian, Yang Ruowei, Wu Xiaohong, Hu Changcheng, Ma Minmin, Liu Xu, Wan Yang, Yang Fan, Zhou Ranchao, Kang Lihong, Dong Guanghui, Ping Wanjing, Wang Tianyi, Miao Bo, Bai Fan, Zheng Yuxin, Liu Yuxiao, Yang Melinda A, Wang Wenjun, Bennett E Andrew, Fu Qiaomei
China-Central Asia "the Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation, School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.
Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, China.
J Genet Genomics. 2025 Apr;52(4):483-493. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.09.013. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
Yunnan in southwest China is a geographically and ethnically complex region at the intersection of southern China and Southeast Asia, and a focal point for human migrations. To clarify its maternal genetic history, we generated 152 complete mitogenomes from 17 Yunnan archaeological sites. Our results reveal distinct genetic histories segregated by geographical regions. Maternal lineages of ancient populations from northwestern and northern Yunnan exhibit closer affinities with past and present-day populations from northern East Asia and Xizang, providing important genetic evidence for the migration and interaction of populations along the Tibetan-Yi corridor since the Neolithic. Between 5500 and 1800 years ago, central Yunnan populations maintained their internal genetic relationships, including a 7000-year-old basal lineage of the rare and widely dispersed haplogroup M61. At the Xingyi site, changes in mitochondrial DNA haplogroups occurred between the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age, with haplogroups shifting from those predominant in the Yellow River region to those predominant in coastal southern China. These results highlight the high diversity of Yunnan populations during the Neolithic to Bronze Age.
中国西南部的云南是中国南部与东南亚交汇的一个地理和民族构成复杂的地区，也是人类迁徙的一个焦点。为了厘清其母系遗传历史，我们从云南的17个考古遗址中获取了152个完整的线粒体基因组。我们的研究结果揭示了按地理区域划分的不同遗传历史。滇西北和滇北古代人群的母系谱系与东亚北部和西藏过去及现今的人群表现出更密切的亲缘关系，为新石器时代以来沿藏彝走廊的人群迁徙和互动提供了重要的遗传学证据。在距今5500年至1800年前，滇中人群保持了其内部的遗传关系，包括一个有着7000年历史的、属于罕见且广泛分布的单倍群M61的基础谱系。在兴义遗址，新石器时代晚期到青铜时代之间线粒体DNA单倍群出现了变化，单倍群从黄河流域占主导的类型转变为中国南部沿海占主导的类型。这些结果凸显了新石器时代到青铜时代云南人群的高度多样性。
