Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 518118 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Department of The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
J Integr Neurosci. 2024 Sep 19;23(9):171. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2309171.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system disorder with no currently available effective treatment. Microglia are immune cells in the central nervous system that play crucial roles in the SCI occurrence, development, and recovery stages. They exhibit dynamic polarization over time and can switch between classical activation (M1) and alternative activation (M2) phenotypes to respond to environmental stimuli. The M1 phenotype is involved in initiating and sustaining inflammatory responses, while the M2 phenotype exerts anti-inflammatory effects and promotes tissue repair in damaged areas. Inhibiting M1 polarization and promoting M2 polarization have become hotspots in regulating neuroinflammation and treating SCI. This article provides a comprehensive review centered on modulating microglial polarization phenotypes for SCI treatment.
脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种严重的中枢神经系统疾病，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中的免疫细胞，在 SCI 的发生、发展和恢复阶段发挥着关键作用。它们随时间表现出动态极化，并能在经典激活（M1）和交替激活（M2）表型之间转换，以响应环境刺激。M1 表型参与启动和维持炎症反应，而 M2 表型发挥抗炎作用，并促进受损区域的组织修复。抑制 M1 极化和促进 M2 极化已成为调节神经炎症和治疗 SCI 的热点。本文围绕调节小胶质细胞极化表型治疗 SCI 进行了全面综述。
