Branigan Amelia R, Nunez Johanna G, Khan Mariya Adnan, Gordon Rachel A
University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, MD, USA.
University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA.
Soc Psychol Q. 2024 Sep;87(3):249-271. doi: 10.1177/01902725231196851. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
It is well established that skin lightness-darkness is associated with social outcomes, but little is known regarding the social salience of skin undertones (redness and yellowness). Our study addresses two related research questions on this topic: first, we ask whether red and yellow undertones are consistently perceived by observers; second, we ask whether red and yellow undertones are associated with expectations of discrimination across a range of social settings. We address these questions using novel survey data in which skin lightness-darkness and undertones are captured using CIELAB measurements and a two-dimensional categorical skin color scale. Although we find skin lightness-darkness to be the strongest and most consistent predictor of discrimination expectations, respondents also perceived skin undertones consistently, and skin yellowness was associated with a higher predicted likelihood of discrimination net of lightness-darkness in certain social settings. Our findings suggest that colorism can extend beyond a light-dark binary and emphasize the value of capturing undertones, particularly yellowness, in social surveys assessing skin color.
肤色深浅与社会结果相关，这一点已得到充分证实，但关于肤色底色（泛红和泛黄）的社会显著性却知之甚少。我们的研究针对这一主题探讨了两个相关的研究问题：第一，我们询问观察者是否能一致地感知到红色和黄色底色；第二，我们询问红色和黄色底色是否与一系列社会环境中的歧视预期相关。我们使用新的调查数据来解决这些问题，在这些数据中，肤色深浅和底色通过CIELAB测量以及二维分类肤色量表来获取。虽然我们发现肤色深浅是歧视预期最强且最一致的预测因素，但受访者也能一致地感知到肤色底色，并且在某些社会环境中，除去肤色深浅因素，皮肤泛黄与更高的歧视预测可能性相关。我们的研究结果表明，肤色歧视可能不仅限于浅深二元维度，还强调了在评估肤色的社会调查中捕捉底色，尤其是泛黄程度的重要性。
