Department of Biology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Helgoland, Germany.
PeerJ. 2024 Sep 26;12:e18208. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18208. eCollection 2024.
With the ongoing climate and oceanographic change, an increasing number of studies are reporting dramatic population losses caused by thermal extremes in intertidal habitats. Under moderate warming, however, populations can fare better in places where species normally experienced suboptimal temperatures. This article reports the massive recruitment of the barnacle on the Gulf of St. Lawrence coast of Nova Scotia (Canada) in 2024. As recruits appear mostly during May in this region, coastal sea surface temperature (SST) in April is critical for the ecological performance of larvae, as they are pelagic and live in the water column for weeks before intertidal settlement. Thus, a study that spanned 12 years (2005 to 2016) on this coast found that annual barnacle recruitment was positively correlated to April SST. In April 2024, coastal SST was 116% higher than for the same month averaged over those 12 years (4.1 . 1.9 °C). This SST spike was followed by an elevated recruitment that was 111% higher than the average for those 12 years (1,278 . 607 recruits dm). Overall for the studied years, the amount of variation in annual barnacle recruitment statistically explained by April SST was 51%. While the southern distribution limit of has moved northwards in recent decades due to lethal warming, our results support the notion of improving reproductive success with seawater warming on colder northern shores.
随着气候和海洋变化的持续，越来越多的研究报告称，由于潮间带栖息地的极端温度，生物种群数量急剧减少。然而，在适度变暖的情况下，在物种通常经历次优温度的地方，种群的情况可能会更好。本文报道了 2024 年在加拿大新斯科舍省圣劳伦斯湾海岸大量藤壶幼体的出现。由于在该地区，幼体大多在 5 月出现，因此 4 月的沿海海面温度（SST）对幼虫的生态表现至关重要，因为它们是浮游生物，在潮间带定居前在水柱中生活数周。因此，在该海岸进行的一项为期 12 年（2005 年至 2016 年）的研究发现，每年藤壶的幼体数量与 4 月的 SST 呈正相关。在 2024 年 4 月，沿海 SST 比过去 12 年同期平均高出 116%（4.1. 1.9°C）。这次 SST 飙升之后，幼体的数量出现了 111%的增长，比过去 12 年的平均值（1,278. 607 个幼体 dm）还要高。在研究期间的总体情况中，由 4 月 SST 统计解释的年度藤壶幼体数量变化的比例为 51%。虽然由于致命的变暖，的南部分布极限已经向北移动，但我们的研究结果支持了在较冷的北部海岸通过海水变暖提高繁殖成功率的观点。
