Li Xinglu, He Shaokai, Liu Tao, Zhang Xinxin, Zhu Wenfei, Wang Chao, Sun Yuliang
School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
Fuzhou Preschool Education College, Fuzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Sep 13;15:1484172. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1484172. eCollection 2024.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of three types of physical exercise (resistance exercise, aerobic exercise, and group exercise), different exercise intervention times (3 months, 6 months), and different exercise intensities (low, moderate, and high) on the improvement of depressive symptoms in older adults aged ≥60 years, as well as to explore the impact of the sustainability of these physical exercise intervention programs on depressive symptoms in older adults.
The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of physical exercise on depressive symptoms in older adults were retrieved from Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase Data. The retrieval time limit is from establishing the database to January 7, 2024. We conducted a meta-analysis using a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and the standardized mean differences (SMD). The statistic was used to assess the heterogeneity of the outcomes of the studies. When < 50%, we used the fixed-effects model, and when > 50%, we used the random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses investigated heterogeneity origins.
There are 15 articles reported 20 studies, with a total of 1,346 patients, including 689 in the control group and 657 in the experimental group. The findings demonstrated a notable improvement in depression symptoms among older persons as an immediate result of engaging in physical exercise [SMD = -0.82, 95% CI (-1.19, -0.45)]. The subgroup analysis showed that moderate-intensity physical exercise [SMD = -0.25, 95% CI (-0.47, -0.03)], high-intensity physical exercise [SMD = -0.94, 95% CI (-1.37, -0.51)], resistance exercise [SMD = -0.70, 95% CI (-1.20, -0.20)], and group exercise [SMD = -0.97, 95% CI (-1.89, -0.05)], and the exercise intervention time was 3 months [SMD = -0.81, 95% CI (-1.38, -0.23)] or 6 months [SMD = -0.93, 95% CI (-1.46, -0.41)] were more effective in improving depressive symptoms in older adults.
The sustainable resistance and group exercise have a better effect on improving depressive symptoms in older adults. Appropriate exercise intervention time can also ensure the sustainable improvement effect of exercise.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/record_email.php, identifier CRD42023405525.
本系统评价和荟萃分析评估了三种体育锻炼类型（抗阻运动、有氧运动和团体运动）、不同运动干预时间（3个月、6个月）以及不同运动强度（低、中、高）对改善60岁及以上老年人抑郁症状的影响，并探讨这些体育锻炼干预方案的持续性对老年人抑郁症状的影响。
从Cochrane图书馆、科学网、PubMed和Embase数据库中检索关于体育锻炼对老年人抑郁症状影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。检索时间范围为数据库建立至2024年1月7日。我们使用95%置信区间（95%CI）和标准化均数差值（SMD）进行荟萃分析。采用Q统计量评估研究结果的异质性。当I²<50%时，使用固定效应模型；当I²>50%时，使用随机效应模型。亚组分析和敏感性分析探究异质性来源。
有15篇文章报道了20项研究，共1346例患者，其中对照组689例，试验组657例。结果表明，老年人参与体育锻炼后抑郁症状有显著改善[SMD=-0.82，95%CI（-1.19，-0.45）]。亚组分析显示，中等强度体育锻炼[SMD=-0.25，95%CI（-0.47，-0.03）]、高强度体育锻炼[SMD=-0.94，95%CI（-1.37，-0.51）]、抗阻运动[SMD=-0.70，95%CI（-1.20，-0.20）]和团体运动[SMD=-0.97，95%CI（-1.89，-0.05）]，以及运动干预时间为3个月[SMD=-0.81，95%CI（-1.38，-0.23）]或6个月[SMD=-0.93，95%CI（-1.46，-0.41）]在改善老年人抑郁症状方面更有效。
持续性的抗阻运动和团体运动对改善老年人抑郁症状有更好的效果。适当的运动干预时间也能确保运动的持续改善效果。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/record_email.php，标识符CRD42023405525。
