Nagar Nirmal, Singi Yatiraj, Dabhi Dipen, Rathore Reshma
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, India Institute of Medical Sciences Bilaspur, Bilaspur, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 28;16(8):e68018. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68018. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Introduction The cephalic index (CI) is the most commonly used index to determine the race of an individual. It is calculated as the ratio of the breadth of the skull to the length of the skull multiplied by 100. The CI of an individual can be influenced by factors such as race, ethnicity, genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, nutritional habits, environmental factors, and climatic conditions. Material and methods This study was carried out on 413 individuals in the tribal districts of Himachal Pradesh (Kinnaur, Spiti, and Lahaul), with 247 (59.8%) male and 166 (40.2%) female subjects. Measurements of the skull were taken using a spreading caliper. The CI was calculated using Hardlika's method and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 27 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, US). Results The head shapes of the majority of the tribal population of Himachal Pradesh are mesocephalic, with the mean CI for males and females being 78.90 and 79.81, respectively, without any significant difference. The mean CI of the overall population is 79.27. The majority population of the Kinnaur district is brachycephalic, while the Spiti and Lahaul populations are mesocephalic with females predominately brachycephalic and males predominately mesocephalic. Conclusion The Indigenous population of Himachal Pradesh is mesocephalic with females predominately brachycephalic.
引言 头指数（CI）是确定个体种族最常用的指数。它通过颅骨宽度与颅骨长度之比乘以100来计算。个体的头指数会受到种族、民族、遗传易感性、生活方式选择、营养习惯、环境因素和气候条件等因素的影响。
材料与方法 本研究对喜马偕尔邦部落地区（金瑙尔、斯皮提和拉胡尔）的413名个体进行，其中男性247名（59.8%），女性166名（40.2%）。使用扩展卡尺对头骨进行测量。头指数采用哈德利卡方法计算，数据使用IBM SPSS 27版（美国纽约州阿蒙克市IBM公司）进行分析。
结果 喜马偕尔邦大多数部落人口的头型为中头型，男性和女性的平均头指数分别为78.90和79.81，无显著差异。总体人群的平均头指数为79. .27。金瑙尔地区的大多数人口为短头型，而斯皮提和拉胡尔地区的人口为中头型，女性以短头型为主，男性以中头型为主。
结论 喜马偕尔邦的原住民为中头型，女性以短头型为主。
