Alshehri Turki A, Alameer Shahad T, Almotreb Abdullah M
College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU.
Dentistry, Riyadh Specialized Dental Center, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 28;16(8):e68023. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68023. eCollection 2024 Aug.
A patient experiencing moderate to severe anxiety often skips regular check-ups, choosing to visit only when necessary. As a result, their oral health worsens. Various variables can affect anxiety such as age, gender, culture, and previous experiences. One of the most frequent oral surgical procedures is extracting the third molar, which is accompanied by severe pain, tension, and anxiety, the use of invasive equipment, and local anesthetic. A combined effect was found of four factors, including the patient, dental employees, setting, and dental procedure, which can trigger and affect dental anxiety. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches were explored; as a non-drug approach, anxiety was managed by music therapy. Acupuncture, music, audio-visual aids, and lavender oil showed an effect that helped in reducing anxiety. Patients' dental anxiety can be reduced through behavioral management such as educating the patients before the surgical procedure, relaxation strategies, biofeedback, and exposure therapy. Medications include benzodiazepines, nitrous oxide (NO), and midazolam. Effective treatment relies on collaboration between the patients and dentists; calm patients not only provide a manageable environment for the dental team but can also result in better treatment outcomes.
患有中度至重度焦虑症的患者经常会跳过定期检查，只在必要时才选择就诊。结果，他们的口腔健康状况恶化。各种变量会影响焦虑，如年龄、性别、文化和过往经历。最常见的口腔外科手术之一是拔除第三磨牙，该手术伴随着剧痛、紧张和焦虑，还涉及侵入性设备的使用以及局部麻醉。研究发现，包括患者、牙科工作人员、环境和牙科手术在内的四个因素会产生综合影响，引发并影响牙科焦虑。人们探索了药理学和非药理学方法；作为一种非药物方法，音乐疗法可用于管理焦虑。针灸、音乐、视听辅助工具和薰衣草油都显示出有助于减轻焦虑的效果。通过行为管理，如在手术前对患者进行教育、放松策略、生物反馈和暴露疗法等，可以降低患者的牙科焦虑。药物包括苯二氮䓬类、一氧化二氮（NO）和咪达唑仑。有效的治疗依赖于患者与牙医之间的合作；情绪平静的患者不仅能为牙科团队提供一个易于管理的环境，还能带来更好的治疗效果。
