Luo Xiaohui, Ma Jingwei, Hu Yueqin
Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Faculty of Psychology.
Health Psychol. 2025 Feb;44(2):154-165. doi: 10.1037/hea0001414. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
Stress processes have long been of interest to researchers. A growing body of research explores the bidirectional relations between stressors, psychological and physical states. However, research on stress processes and their individual differences from a dynamic systems perspective is still lacking. This study examined dynamic feedback loops between stressors, psychological distress, and physical symptoms simultaneously using ecological momentary assessment.
Three hundred and fifty-six participants completed five momentary assessments on stressors, psychological distress, and physical symptoms per day for 7 days in 2023. They also completed measures of their Big Five personality traits, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms.
Dynamic structural equation models showed positive cross-lagged and feedback effects of stressors with psychological distress and physical symptoms, suggesting their self-perpetuating loops. Agreeableness and conscientiousness were protective factors, and neuroticism was a risk factor for the stressor-psychological loop. Individuals with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms were characterized by (a) greater inertia of psychological distress and physical symptoms, (b) stronger reverse effects of psychological distress and physical symptoms on subsequent stressors, (c) significant reciprocal effects between psychological distress and physical symptoms, and (d) stronger self-perpetuating loops of stressors with psychological distress and physical symptoms.
Our findings highlight the importance of analyzing feedback loops to understand bidirectional relations and individual differences in dynamic stress processes, providing insights for relevant personalized interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
长期以来，应激过程一直是研究人员关注的焦点。越来越多的研究探讨了应激源、心理和身体状态之间的双向关系。然而，从动态系统视角对应激过程及其个体差异的研究仍然不足。本研究使用生态瞬时评估同时考察了应激源、心理困扰和身体症状之间的动态反馈回路。
356名参与者在2023年的7天里，每天就应激源、心理困扰和身体症状完成5次瞬时评估。他们还完成了关于其大五人格特质、抑郁症状和焦虑症状的测量。
动态结构方程模型显示，应激源与心理困扰和身体症状之间存在正向交叉滞后和反馈效应，表明它们存在自我延续的循环。宜人性和尽责性是保护因素，而神经质是应激源-心理循环的风险因素。有抑郁和/或焦虑症状的个体具有以下特征：(a)心理困扰和身体症状的惯性更大；(b)心理困扰和身体症状对后续应激源的反向影响更强；(c)心理困扰和身体症状之间存在显著的相互影响；(d)应激源与心理困扰和身体症状之间的自我延续循环更强。
我们的研究结果凸显了分析反馈回路对于理解动态应激过程中的双向关系和个体差异的重要性，为相关的个性化干预提供了见解。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》(c) 2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
