School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
Shiyan Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shiyan, China.
Parasitol Res. 2024 Sep 30;123(10):336. doi: 10.1007/s00436-024-08350-7.
Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease, which seriously endangers human health. The immune game between parasite and host is not fully understood. Exosomes are thought to be one of the ways of information communication between parasite and host. In this study, we attempted to explore the communication between Echinococcus granulosus and its host through the medium of exosomes. We collected plasma from E. granulosus patients (CE-EXO) and healthy donors (HD-EXO) and extracted exosomes from the plasma. The expression profile of miRNA in plasma was determined by second generation sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to annotate the function of target genes of differential miRNAs. Meanwhile, we co-cultured plasma exosomes from healthy donors and plasma exosomes from E. granulosus patients with Jurkat T cells with or without phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation. The expression of CD69 on Jurkat T cells was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the miRNA of exosomes between healthy donors and E. granulosus patients was significantly different. GO and KEGG were used to annotate the function of target genes of differential miRNAs. The results indicate that many important pathways are involved in inflammation, metabolism, and immune response after parasite infection, such as p53 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Flow cytometry showed that CE-EXO reduced the expression of CD69 + on Jurkat T cells. Our present results suggest that these differentially expressed miRNAs may be important regulators of parasite-host interactions. Meanwhile, functional prediction of its target genes provides valuable information for understanding the mechanism of host-parasite interactions. These results provide clues for future studies on E. granulosus escape from host immune attack, which could help control E. granulosus infection.
包虫病是一种人畜共患疾病，严重危害人类健康。寄生虫与宿主之间的免疫博弈尚未完全阐明。外泌体被认为是寄生虫与宿主之间信息交流的途径之一。本研究试图通过外泌体探索细粒棘球蚴与宿主之间的通讯。我们收集细粒棘球蚴患者（CE-EXO）和健康供体（HD-EXO）的血浆，并从血浆中提取外泌体。通过第二代测序确定血浆中 miRNA 的表达谱。基因本体论（GO）和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）用于注释差异 miRNA 的靶基因的功能。同时，我们将健康供体的血浆外泌体与细粒棘球蚴患者的血浆外泌体与 Jurkat T 细胞共培养，有或没有植物血球凝集素（PHA）刺激。通过流式细胞术检测 Jurkat T 细胞上 CD69 的表达。结果表明，健康供体和细粒棘球蚴患者血浆外泌体之间的 miRNA 存在显著差异。GO 和 KEGG 用于注释差异 miRNA 的靶基因的功能。结果表明，寄生虫感染后涉及许多重要途径，如 p53 信号通路、PI3K-Akt 信号通路和糖酵解/糖异生。流式细胞术显示 CE-EXO 降低了 Jurkat T 细胞上 CD69+的表达。我们的研究结果表明，这些差异表达的 miRNA 可能是寄生虫-宿主相互作用的重要调节因子。同时，其靶基因的功能预测为了解宿主-寄生虫相互作用的机制提供了有价值的信息。这些结果为细粒棘球蚴逃避宿主免疫攻击的未来研究提供了线索，有助于控制细粒棘球蚴感染。
