National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2024 Dec;111:107086. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107086. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
Ultrasound (US) in combination with chemical disinfectants is an efficient and cost-effective hurdle technology for disinfecting minimally processed produce (MPP). However, the demand for non-chemical disinfection methods is increasing. In addition, chemical methods have been ineffective in simultaneously improving the physiological properties and inactivating pathogens in MPP. In this study, a novel and safe method called mild heat ascorbic acid (MHAsA; 1 % AsA at 50 °C) was combined with US to process minimally processed carrots. Physiological properties and microbial inactivation efficacy were analyzed during the storage period (0-5 days). The findings indicated that US-MHAsA induced the highest levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities and accelerated the glutathione-ascorbate cycle, resulting in lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde content compared to US and MHAsA. The efficacy of US-MHAsA in inactivating phenylalanine lyase, the initial enzyme in the lignin synthesis process, was lower than that of US. On the other hand, its ability to inactivate cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, the final enzyme in the process, was better than that of both US and MHAsA. However, there were no significant differences in lignin content among the three groups. The inactivation efficacy against enzymes (polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase) involved in browning was consistent across the three treatments. Analysis of the disinfection efficacy against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium revealed that US-MHAsA achieved the lowest cross-contamination incidence (10-12 %) during washing, which was significantly lower than the incidence achieved by US (75-82 %). During the period from day 0 to day 5, two pathogens on carrots in the control group increased from 6.25 to 6.64 log CFU/g, while the lowest counts were observed in the US-MHAsA group, decreasing from 4.44 to 3.74 log CFU/g. However, the counts in the US group increased from 5.22 to 6.32 log CFU/g, and the counts at day 5 were not significantly lower than the control. These findings indicate that US-MHAsA is a novel hurdle technology that effectively reduces the risk of pathogen contamination and enhances the ability of MPP to scavenge ROS.
超声（US）与化学消毒剂相结合是一种高效、经济的障碍技术，可用于消毒经轻微加工的农产品（MPP）。然而，对非化学消毒方法的需求正在增加。此外，化学方法在同时改善 MPP 的生理特性和灭活病原体方面效果不佳。在这项研究中，一种称为温和热处理抗坏血酸（MHAsA；1%抗坏血酸在 50°C）的新型安全方法与 US 结合用于处理经轻微加工的胡萝卜。在储存期（0-5 天）内分析了生理特性和微生物灭活效果。结果表明，US-MHAsA 诱导的抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶）活性最高，加速了谷胱甘肽-抗坏血酸循环，导致活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛含量低于 US 和 MHAsA。US-MHAsA 灭活苯丙氨酸解氨酶（木质素合成过程中的初始酶）的效果低于 US，但灭活该过程中的最后一种酶肉桂醇脱氢酶的效果优于 US 和 MHAsA。然而，三组之间的木质素含量没有显著差异。三种处理方法对褐变相关酶（多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶）的灭活效果一致。对大肠杆菌 O157:H7 和肠炎沙门氏菌的消毒效果分析表明，US-MHAsA 在洗涤过程中实现了最低的交叉污染发生率（10-12%），显著低于 US（75-82%）的发生率。在从第 0 天到第 5 天的期间内，对照组胡萝卜上的两种病原体从 6.25 增加到 6.64 log CFU/g，而 US-MHAsA 组观察到的最低计数为 4.44 到 3.74 log CFU/g。然而，US 组的计数从 5.22 增加到 6.32 log CFU/g，第 5 天的计数与对照组没有显著差异。这些发现表明，US-MHAsA 是一种有效的新型障碍技术，可降低病原体污染风险，并增强 MPP 清除 ROS 的能力。
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