Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Takatpur, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India.
Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
Bioresour Technol. 2023 Jul;379:129045. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129045. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
Lignin, a highly heterogeneous polymer of lignocellulosic biomass, is intricately associated with cellulose and hemicellulose, responsible for its strength and rigidity. Lignin decomposition is carried out through certain enzymes derived from microorganisms to promote the hydrolysis of lignin. Analyzing multi-omics data helps to emphasize the probable value of fungal-produced enzymes to degrade the lignocellulosic material, which provides them an advantage in their ecological niches. This review focuses on lignin biodegrading microorganisms and associated ligninolytic enzymes, including lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, versatile peroxidase, laccase, and dye-decolorizing peroxidase. Further, enzymatic catalysis, lignin biodegradation mechanisms, vital factors responsible for lignin modification and degradation, and the design and selection of practical metabolic pathways are also discussed. Highlights were made on metabolic pathway engineering, different aspects of omics analyses, and its scope and applications to ligninase enzymes. Finally, the advantages and essential steps of successfully applying metabolic engineering and its path forward have been addressed.
木质素是木质纤维素生物质中一种高度异质的聚合物，与纤维素和半纤维素密切相关，负责其强度和刚性。木质素的分解是通过某些微生物来源的酶来进行的，以促进木质素的水解。分析多组学数据有助于强调真菌产生的酶对降解木质纤维素物质的可能价值，这使它们在生态位上具有优势。本综述重点介绍了木质素降解微生物及其相关的木质素氧化酶，包括木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶、多功能过氧化物酶、漆酶和染料脱色过氧化物酶。此外，还讨论了酶催化、木质素生物降解机制、负责木质素修饰和降解的重要因素，以及实用代谢途径的设计和选择。重点介绍了代谢途径工程、组学分析的不同方面，以及其在木质素酶中的范围和应用。最后，讨论了成功应用代谢工程的优势和必要步骤及其未来发展方向。
