Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Laureate Institute for Brain Research, University of Tulsa, Tulsa Oklahoma, OK, USA.
Transl Psychiatry. 2024 Sep 30;14(1):394. doi: 10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7.
Psilocybin has shown promise as a novel pharmacological intervention for treatment of depression, where post-acute effects of psilocybin treatment have been associated with increased positive mood and decreased pessimism. Although psilocybin is proving to be effective in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, the information processing mechanisms affected by psilocybin are not well understood. Here, we fit active inference and reinforcement learning computational models to a novel two-armed bandit reversal learning task capable of capturing engagement behaviour in rats. The model revealed that after receiving psilocybin, rats achieve more rewards through increased task engagement, mediated by modification of forgetting rates and reduced loss aversion. These findings suggest that psilocybin may afford an optimism bias that arises through altered belief updating, with translational potential for clinical populations characterised by lack of optimism.
裸盖菇素作为一种新型的治疗抑郁症的药理学干预手段显示出了前景，其在治疗后的急性影响与积极情绪的增加和悲观情绪的减少有关。尽管裸盖菇素在治疗精神疾病的临床试验中被证明是有效的，但受裸盖菇素影响的信息处理机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们将主动推理和强化学习计算模型应用于一项新的双轮臂赌博反转学习任务，该任务能够捕捉大鼠的参与行为。该模型表明，在接受裸盖菇素后，大鼠通过增加任务参与度获得了更多的奖励，这是通过改变遗忘率和降低损失厌恶来实现的。这些发现表明，裸盖菇素可能提供了一种通过改变信念更新产生的乐观偏见，对于缺乏乐观主义的临床人群具有潜在的转化意义。
