Department of Medical Physiology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt.
World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Sep 21;30(35):3959-3964. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i35.3959.
In this editorial, we comment on the recent article by Huang The editorial focuses specifically on the molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HCC, and protective mechanism of (CB) in HCC. Liver cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The most prevalent kind of primary liver cancer, HCC, is typically brought on by long-term viral infections (hepatitis B and C), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, excessive alcohol consumption, and other conditions that can cause the liver to become chronically inflamed and cirrhotic. CB is a well-known traditional remedy in China and Japan and has been used extensively to treat a variety of diseases, such as high fever, convulsions, and stroke. Disturbances in lipid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, bile acid metabolism, alcohol metabolism, and xenobiotic detoxification lead to fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis Succinate, which is a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate, is vital to energy production and mitochondrial metabolism. It is also thought to be a signaling molecule in metabolism and in the development and spread of liver malignancies. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is made up of a group of proteins that are essential for both adult tissue homeostasis and embryonic development. Cancer is frequently caused by the dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In HCC liver carcinogenesis, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated by the expression of downstream target genes. Communication between the liver and the gut exists the portal vein, biliary tract, and systemic circulation. This "gut-liver axis" controls intestinal physiology. One of the main factors contributing to the development, progression, and treatment resistance of HCC is the abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, understanding this pathway is essential to treating HCC. Eleven ingredients of CB, particularly oleanolic acid, ergosterol, and ursolic acid, have anti-primary liver cancer properties. Additionally, CB is important in the treatment of primary liver cancer through pathways linked to immune system function and apoptosis. CB also inhibits the proliferation of cancer stem cells and tumor cells and controls the tumor microenvironment. In the future, clinicians may be able to recommend one of many potential new drugs from CB ingredients to treat HCC expression, development, and progress.
在这篇社论中，我们评论了 Huang 最近的文章。社论特别关注肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的分子机制、Wnt/β-catenin 途径在 HCC 中的作用机制以及 CB 在 HCC 中的保护机制。肝癌是全球癌症相关死亡的第四大常见原因。最常见的原发性肝癌 HCC 通常由长期病毒感染（乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎）、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、过量饮酒和其他导致肝脏长期炎症和肝硬化的情况引起。CB 是中国和日本著名的传统药物，已广泛用于治疗高热、惊厥和中风等多种疾病。脂代谢、胆固醇代谢、胆汁酸代谢、酒精代谢和外源性毒物解毒紊乱导致脂肪肝和肝硬化。琥珀酸是三羧酸循环的中间产物，对能量产生和线粒体代谢至关重要。它也被认为是代谢以及肝脏恶性肿瘤的发生和扩散中的信号分子。Wnt/β-catenin 途径由一组蛋白质组成，这些蛋白质对成人组织稳态和胚胎发育都至关重要。癌症通常是由于 Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路的失调引起的。在 HCC 肝发生癌中，Wnt/β-catenin 信号通过下游靶基因的表达激活。肝脏和肠道通过门静脉、胆管和全身循环进行通讯。这种“肠道-肝脏轴”控制着肠道生理学。Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路的异常激活是导致 HCC 发生、进展和治疗耐药的主要因素之一。因此，了解该通路对于治疗 HCC 至关重要。CB 的 11 种成分，特别是齐墩果酸、麦角固醇和熊果酸，具有抗原发性肝癌的特性。此外，CB 通过与免疫系统功能和细胞凋亡相关的途径在原发性肝癌的治疗中发挥重要作用。CB 还抑制癌症干细胞和肿瘤细胞的增殖，并控制肿瘤微环境。在未来，临床医生可能能够推荐来自 CB 成分的许多潜在新药中的一种来治疗 HCC 的表达、发展和进展。
