Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Yale J Biol Med. 2024 Sep 30;97(3):349-363. doi: 10.59249/YZLQ4631. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Major depressive disorder (MDD), affecting over 264 million individuals globally, is associated with immune system dysregulation and chronic neuroinflammation, potentially linked to neurodegenerative processes. This review examines blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in MDD, focusing on key regulators like matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), and ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1). We explore potential mechanisms by which compromised BBB integrity in MDD may contribute to neuroinflammation and discuss the therapeutic potential of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). n-3 PUFAs have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, and potential ability to modulate MMP9, AQP4, and ABCB1, thereby restoring BBB integrity in MDD. This review aims to elucidate these potential mechanisms and evaluate the evidence for n-3 PUFAs as a strategy to mitigate BBB dysfunction and neuroinflammation in MDD.
重度抑郁症（MDD），影响全球超过 2.64 亿人，与免疫系统失调和慢性神经炎症有关，可能与神经退行性过程有关。本综述探讨了 MDD 中血脑屏障（BBB）功能障碍，重点关注基质金属蛋白酶 9（MMP9）、水通道蛋白 4（AQP4）和 ATP 结合盒亚家族 B 成员 1（ABCB1）等关键调节剂。我们探讨了 MDD 中 BBB 完整性受损可能导致神经炎症的潜在机制，并讨论了ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs）的治疗潜力。n-3 PUFAs 具有抗炎和神经保护作用，并有潜力调节 MMP9、AQP4 和 ABCB1，从而恢复 MDD 中的 BBB 完整性。本综述旨在阐明这些潜在机制，并评估 n-3 PUFAs 作为减轻 MDD 中 BBB 功能障碍和神经炎症的策略的证据。
