Department of Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen and University Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Health Studies, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2024 Sep;32(3):155-159. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a7877.
Influenza A and B viruses cause epidemics every year, with approximately 3-5 million serious cases and about 290,000 to 650,000 deaths worldwide. Most patients die from bacterial complications of influenza. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical pictures of influenza and the development of the complications in seniors over 65 years of age, who were treated in University Hospital Pilsen. The course of the disease and changes in laboratory parameters were evaluated with regard to the method of treatment performed.
A descriptive retrospective study was performed. Clinical and laboratory data of seniors with the diagnosis of influenza were extracted from electronic medical records and later analysed. The data were processed with Excel 2016 and Statistica.
A collection of 261 seniors, of whom 218 were hospitalized and 43 treated in an outpatient setting, has been studied. Patients who later developed complications had elevated values of CRP, procalcitonin, urea, and creatinine. The antiviral drug oseltamivir was administered to 226 of 261 seniors. Forty-seven seniors (18.0%) died from influenza and its complications (severe pneumonia with acute respiratory insufficiency or heart failure).
The course of influenza in seniors was usually more severe and required hospitalization along with antiviral treatment. The mortality rate in the monitored group exceeded 18%. Annual timely vaccination, but also other preventive measures, and maybe considering other risk groups are methods to prevent severe or even fatal cases of influenza.
甲型和乙型流感病毒每年都会引发流行，在全球范围内，约有 300 万至 500 万例严重病例，约 29 万至 65 万人死亡。大多数患者死于流感的细菌并发症。我们的研究旨在描述 65 岁以上老年人中流感的临床特征以及并发症的发展，这些患者在皮尔森大学医院接受治疗。根据所采用的治疗方法，评估了疾病过程和实验室参数的变化。
进行了描述性回顾性研究。从电子病历中提取了诊断为流感的老年人的临床和实验室数据，并进行了分析。使用 Excel 2016 和 Statistica 对数据进行处理。
研究了 261 名老年人，其中 218 人住院治疗，43 人门诊治疗。后来发生并发症的患者的 CRP、降钙素原、尿素和肌酐值升高。261 名老年人中有 226 人接受了抗病毒药物奥司他韦治疗。47 名老年人（18.0%）死于流感及其并发症（严重肺炎伴急性呼吸功能不全或心力衰竭）。
老年人流感的病程通常更为严重，需要住院治疗和抗病毒治疗。监测组的死亡率超过 18%。每年及时接种疫苗，但也采取其他预防措施，也许考虑其他风险群体，是预防严重甚至致命流感病例的方法。
