Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
Manning College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2024 Dec;24(12):257-272. doi: 10.1007/s11892-024-01553-3. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) management is complex and requires daily personal involvement and self-management skills to maintain optimal glycemic levels and improve health outcomes. Engagement in self-management behaviors in the early years of diagnosis can be challenging due to prevailing psychosocial factors present during this critical transition period, coupled with a lack of information, support, and skills. Technology-based diabetes self-management interventions can improve access to needed education and support, and their effectiveness in the general T2D population is well documented. This scoping review synthesized evidence on the use of technology for promoting diabetes self-management behaviors and related outcomes among individuals newly diagnosed with T2D (within the first 12 months since diagnosis).
Twenty-five studies were included. Technology-based diabetes self-management interventions tailored to those newly diagnosed with T2D have grown exponentially in the past five years. Existing evidence, though limited, showed that technologies such as websites, mobile apps, and continuous glucose monitoring combined with other communication features, can facilitate patient education, patient-provider communication, and health data monitoring. However, these technologies less commonly involved social support functions. These technologies have the potential to improve diabetes knowledge and positively impact clinical, behavioral, and psychological outcomes. However, small sample sizes, use of non-experimental designs, and the absence of formative research and theoretical foundations limit the strength of existing studies. Technology-based self-management interventions for those newly diagnosed with T2D show promise in improving T2D-related outcomes. Future studies should include larger sample sizes, adopt rigorous study designs, and integrate formative work to enhance relevance, adoption, and impact.
2 型糖尿病（T2D）的管理较为复杂，需要患者每天参与并具备自我管理技能，以维持血糖水平的最佳状态，改善健康结果。由于在这一关键的过渡时期存在普遍的心理社会因素，加上缺乏信息、支持和技能，因此在确诊后的早期，患者可能难以参与自我管理行为。基于技术的糖尿病自我管理干预措施可以改善获得所需教育和支持的途径，并且它们在普通 T2D 人群中的有效性已得到充分证明。本范围综述综合了有关在新诊断为 T2D（确诊后 12 个月内）的个体中使用技术促进糖尿病自我管理行为和相关结果的证据。
纳入了 25 项研究。过去五年中，针对新诊断为 T2D 的患者量身定制的基于技术的糖尿病自我管理干预措施呈指数级增长。尽管现有证据有限，但表明诸如网站、移动应用程序和连续血糖监测等技术与其他通信功能相结合，可以促进患者教育、医患沟通和健康数据监测。但是，这些技术通常不涉及社会支持功能。这些技术有可能改善糖尿病知识，并对临床、行为和心理结果产生积极影响。但是，样本量小、使用非实验设计以及缺乏形成性研究和理论基础限制了现有研究的强度。新诊断为 T2D 的患者的基于技术的自我管理干预措施在改善 T2D 相关结果方面显示出潜力。未来的研究应包括更大的样本量，采用严格的研究设计，并整合形成性工作，以提高相关性、采用率和影响力。
