Niu Zhipu, Sha Jichao, Zhu Dongdong, Meng Cuida
China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (Norman Bethune Third School of Jilin University), Changchun, China.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (Norman Bethune Third School of Jilin University), Changchun, China.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2025;186(3):252-263. doi: 10.1159/000541041. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
The clinical outcomes of drug treatments and surgical interventions for chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) are suboptimal, and the high recurrence rate remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. Targeted therapies such as biologics provide new perspectives and directions for treating CRSwNP.
With the continuous investigation of signaling pathways, RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and other signaling pathways including Hippo, JAK-STAT, Wnt, TGF-β, PI3K, Notch, and NF-κB were confirmed to play an important role in the progression of CRSwNP. Among them, the abnormality of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is accompanied by the abnormality of this apoptotic component, which may provide new research directions for targeting the components of signaling pathways to mediate apoptosis.
Abnormalities in signaling pathways are particularly important in studying the pathogenesis and treatment of CRSwNP. Therefore, this review summarizes the ongoing investigation and characterization of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and other signaling pathways in CRSwNP, which provides constructive ideas and directions for improving the treatment of CRSwNP.
药物治疗和手术干预慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP）的临床效果并不理想，高复发率仍是临床实践中的重大挑战。生物制剂等靶向治疗为CRSwNP的治疗提供了新的视角和方向。
随着对信号通路的不断研究，RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK信号通路以及包括Hippo、JAK-STAT、Wnt、TGF-β、PI3K、Notch和NF-κB在内的其他信号通路被证实在CRSwNP的进展中起重要作用。其中，RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK信号通路的异常伴随着这种凋亡成分的异常，这可能为靶向信号通路成分介导凋亡提供新的研究方向。
信号通路异常在研究CRSwNP的发病机制和治疗中尤为重要。因此，本综述总结了CRSwNP中RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK信号通路和其他信号通路的研究现状和特征，为改善CRSwNP的治疗提供了建设性的思路和方向。
