Achimón Fernanda, Pizzolitto Romina P
Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Los Alimentos (ICTA), FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
Pest Manag Sci. 2025 Jan;81(1):357-371. doi: 10.1002/ps.8439. Epub 2024 Oct 2.
Fusarium verticillioides is a maize fungal phytopathogen and a producer of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fumonisin B (FB). Our aim was to study the volatilome, conidial production, ergosterol and FB biosynthesis in maize cultures over a 30-day incubation period (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 days post inoculation [DPI]). The effect of pure VOCs on the same parameters was then evaluated to study their potential role as biocontrol agents.
In total, 91 VOCs were detected, with volatile profiles being more similar between 5 and 10 DPI compared with 15, 20, 25 and 30 DPI. Ergosterol content increased steadily with incubation time, and three growth stages were identified: a lag phase (0 to 15 DPI), an exponential phase (15 to 20 DPI) and a stationary phase (20 to 30 DPI). The maximum concentration of FB was detected at 25 (0.030 μg FB/μg ergosterol) and 30 DPI (0.037 μg FB/μg ergosterol), whereas conidial production showed a maximum value at 15 DPI (4.3 ± 0.2 × 10 conidia/μg ergosterol). Regarding pure VOCs, minimal inhibitory concentration values ranged from 0.3 mm for 4-hexen-3-one to 7.4 mm for 2-undecanone. Pure VOCs reduced radial growth, conidial production and ergosterol and FB biosynthesis.
The marked resemblance between VOC profiles at 5 and 10 DPI suggests that they could act as early indicators of fungal contamination, particularly 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyanisole, heptanol and heptyl acetate. On the other hand, their role as inhibitors of fungal growth and FB biosynthesis prove their great potential as safer alternatives to control phytopathogenic fungi. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
轮枝镰孢菌是一种玉米真菌病原体，可产生挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）和伏马菌素B（FB）。我们的目的是研究在30天的培养期（接种后5、10、15、20、25、30天[DPI]）内玉米培养物中的挥发物组、分生孢子产生、麦角甾醇和FB生物合成。然后评估纯VOCs对相同参数的影响，以研究它们作为生物防治剂的潜在作用。
总共检测到91种VOCs，与15、20、25和30 DPI相比，5和10 DPI时的挥发性特征更为相似。麦角甾醇含量随培养时间稳步增加，确定了三个生长阶段：延迟期（0至15 DPI）、指数期（15至20 DPI）和稳定期（20至30 DPI）。在25（0.030μg FB/μg麦角甾醇）和30 DPI（0.037μg FB/μg麦角甾醇）时检测到FB的最大浓度，而分生孢子产生在15 DPI时显示最大值（4.3±0.2×10分生孢子/μg麦角甾醇）。关于纯VOCs，最低抑菌浓度值范围从4-己烯-3-酮的0.3毫米到2-十一烷酮的7.4毫米。纯VOCs降低了径向生长、分生孢子产生以及麦角甾醇和FB生物合成。
5和10 DPI时VOC图谱之间的显著相似性表明它们可作为真菌污染的早期指标，特别是4-乙基愈创木酚、4-乙基-2-甲氧基苯甲醚、庚醇和乙酸庚酯。另一方面，它们作为真菌生长和FB生物合成抑制剂的作用证明了它们作为控制植物病原真菌的更安全替代品的巨大潜力。©2024化学工业协会。
