Maule Andrew F, Loarca Jenyne, Diaz-Garcia Luis, Lopez-Moreno Hector, Johnson-Cicalese Jennifer, Vorsa Nicholi, Iorizzo Massimo, Neyhart Jeffrey L, Zalapa Juan E
Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Vegetable Crops Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Sep 17;15:1294570. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1294570. eCollection 2024.
For nearly two centuries, cranberry ( Ait.) breeders have improved fruit quality and yield by selecting traits on fruiting stems, termed "reproductive uprights." Crop improvement is accelerating rapidly in contemporary breeding programs due to modern genetic tools and high-throughput phenotyping methods, improving selection efficiency and accuracy.
We conducted genotypic evaluation on 29 primary traits encompassing fruit quality, yield, and chemical composition in two full-sib cranberry breeding populations- ( 168) and ( 67)-over 3 years. Genetic characterization was further performed on 11 secondary traits derived from these primary traits.
For , 170 major quantitative trait loci (QTL; 0.10) were found with interval mapping, 150 major QTL were found with model mapping, and 9 QTL were found to be stable across multiple years. In , 69 major QTL were found with interval mapping, 81 major QTL were found with model mapping, and 4 QTL were found to be stable across multiple years. Meta-QTL represent stable genomic regions consistent across multiple years, populations, studies, or traits. Seven multi-trait meta-QTL were found in , one in , and one in the combined analysis of both populations. A total of 22 meta-QTL were identified in cross-study, cross-population analysis using digital traits for berry shape and size (8 meta-QTL), digital images for berry color (2 meta-QTL), and three-study cross-analysis (12 meta-QTL).
Together, these meta-QTL anchor high-throughput fruit quality phenotyping techniques to traditional phenotyping methods, validating state-of-the-art methods in cranberry phenotyping that will improve breeding accuracy, efficiency, and genetic gain in this globally significant fruit crop.
近两个世纪以来，蔓越莓（Ait.）育种者通过选择结果茎上的性状（称为“生殖直立枝”）来提高果实品质和产量。由于现代遗传工具和高通量表型分析方法，当代育种计划中的作物改良正在迅速加速，提高了选择效率和准确性。
我们在两个全同胞蔓越莓育种群体（168个）和（67个）中，对包括果实品质、产量和化学成分在内的29个主要性状进行了为期3年的基因型评估。对从这些主要性状衍生出的11个次要性状进一步进行了遗传特征分析。
对于，通过区间作图发现了170个主要数量性状位点（QTL；0.10），通过模型作图发现了150个主要QTL，并且发现9个QTL在多年间是稳定的。在中，通过区间作图发现了69个主要QTL，通过模型作图发现了81个主要QTL，并且发现4个QTL在多年间是稳定的。元QTL代表跨多年、群体、研究或性状一致的稳定基因组区域。在中发现了7个多性状元QTL，在中发现了1个，在两个群体的联合分析中发现了1个。在使用浆果形状和大小的数字性状（8个元QTL）、浆果颜色的数字图像（2个元QTL）以及三项研究的交叉分析（12个元QTL）的跨研究、跨群体分析中，总共鉴定出22个元QTL。
这些元QTL共同将高通量果实品质表型分析技术与传统表型分析方法联系起来，验证了蔓越莓表型分析中的先进方法，这将提高这种全球重要水果作物的育种准确性、效率和遗传增益。
