Abriham Zufan Y, Belew Aysheshim K, Baffa Lemlem D, Mengistu Berhanu, Gasahw Moges, Mohammod Esmeal A, Agimas Muluken C, Sisay Mekonnen, Angaw Dessie A
Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar Gondar Ethiopia.
Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar Gondar Ethiopia.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 29;7(10):e70092. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70092. eCollection 2024 Oct.
In malaria endemic regions, infection is characterized by variable genetic diversity at different settings. The parasite's various forms are found at varied frequency in different geographic areas. Understanding malaria parasite diversity and transmission is vital to evaluate control interventions. The aim of this study was under taken to determine the status of genetic diversity and MOI in different regions of Ethiopia.
Relevant publications were identified from electronic databases such as; PubMed, EMBASE, Google scholar and Google. Besides, an online search was done using the above databases for all articles published in English on genetic diversity of in Ethiopia. STATA software was used for data analysis. The pooled estimates were calculated using random effect model. The summary estimates were presented using forest plots and tables.
A total of 11 studies were included in the systematic review. However, only 8, 10 and 2 studies were included for Pfmsp-1, Pfmsp-2 and glurp gene meta-analysis, respectively. However, the meta-analysis result showed that the pooled prevalence of Pfmsp-1, msp-2 and glurp gene were 84% for both msp-1/2% and 51%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of msp-1 gene was higher in Amhara followed by Oromia region and lower in SNNPR while, for msp-2 gene the pooled prevalence was higher in Benshangul gumez region. Among the allelic family of msp-1 and msp-2 genes, MAD20 (34%) and FC27 (44%) were the most predominant respectively.
Based on the review, there is evidence of the presence of high genetic diversity of parasites in Ethiopia, suggesting that malaria transmission remain high and that strengthened control efforts are needed. The approaches and methods used for investigation of diversified parasites have similarity between studies and should use advanced molecular techniques, like microsatellite, to assess the genetic diversity of for better results.
在疟疾流行地区，感染的特征是在不同环境下具有可变的遗传多样性。寄生虫的各种形式在不同地理区域以不同频率被发现。了解疟原虫的多样性和传播对于评估控制干预措施至关重要。本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚不同地区的遗传多样性状况和感染复数。
从电子数据库如PubMed、EMBASE、谷歌学术和谷歌中识别相关出版物。此外，使用上述数据库对埃塞俄比亚所有以英文发表的关于遗传多样性的文章进行在线搜索。使用STATA软件进行数据分析。使用随机效应模型计算合并估计值。汇总估计值以森林图和表格形式呈现。
系统评价共纳入11项研究。然而，分别仅有8项、10项和2项研究纳入Pfmsp-1、Pfmsp-2和glurp基因的荟萃分析。然而，荟萃分析结果显示，Pfmsp-1、msp-2和glurp基因的合并流行率分别为84%（msp-1/2%）和51%。msp-1基因的合并流行率在阿姆哈拉地区较高，其次是奥罗米亚地区，在南方各族州较低，而对于msp-2基因，合并流行率在本尚古勒-古马兹地区较高。在msp-1和msp-2基因的等位基因家族中，MAD20（34%）和FC27（44%）分别是最主要的。
基于该综述，有证据表明埃塞俄比亚存在高度的疟原虫遗传多样性，这表明疟疾传播仍然很高，需要加强控制措施。用于调查多样化疟原虫的方法和手段在各研究之间具有相似性，应使用先进的分子技术，如微卫星，来评估疟原虫的遗传多样性以获得更好的结果。
