Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People's Republic of China.
Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China.
ACS Sens. 2024 Nov 22;9(11):5699-5707. doi: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01859. Epub 2024 Oct 2.
Advanced technologies employed in modern respiratory airflow transducers have exhibited powerful capabilities in accurately measuring respiratory flow under controlled and sedentary conditions, particularly in clinical settings. However, the wearable applicability of these transducers as face-mounted electronics for use in occupational and sporting activities remains unexplored. The present review addresses the critical wearability issue associated with current respiratory airflow transducers, including pneumotachographs, orifice flowmeters, turbine flowmeters, hot wire anemometers, ultrasound flowmeters, and piezoelectric airflow transducers. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis and comparison of all factors that impact the wearable applicability of respiratory airflow transducers are conducted, considering dynamic accuracy, long-term usability, power consumption, calibration frequency, and cleaning requirements. The findings indicate that the piezoelectric airflow transducer stands out as a more viable option for wearables compared to other devices. We expect that this review will serve as a valuable engineering reference, guiding future research efforts in designing and developing wearable respiratory airflow transducers for ambulatory respiratory flow monitoring.
现代呼吸气流换能器中采用的先进技术在准确测量受控和静坐条件下的呼吸流量方面表现出强大的能力，特别是在临床环境中。然而，这些换能器作为贴附在面部的电子设备，用于职业和运动活动的可穿戴适用性仍未得到探索。本综述针对当前呼吸气流换能器（包括气流压力计、孔流计、涡轮流量计、热线风速仪、超声流量计和压电气流换能器）的关键可穿戴性问题进行了讨论。此外，还全面分析和比较了影响呼吸气流换能器可穿戴适用性的所有因素，包括动态精度、长期可用性、功耗、校准频率和清洁要求。研究结果表明，与其他设备相比，压电气流换能器作为可穿戴设备更具可行性。我们希望本综述将作为一个有价值的工程参考，指导未来在设计和开发用于动态呼吸流量监测的可穿戴呼吸气流换能器方面的研究工作。
