Yu Jing, Xu Xiaobing, Zhuang Zichen, Tan Jiawen, Huang Wei, Ou Rongxian, Liu Zhenzhen, Liu Tao, Wang Qingwen
Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;281(Pt 1):136139. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136139. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
The high water solubility and flammability of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) limits its further widespread use in areas such as bioplastic and green packaging. In this study, double-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/starch bioplastics (named PDA) were fabricated using PVA, dialdehyde starch (DAS), and phytic acid (PA), resulting in a material with superior water resistance, flame retardancy, and excellent degradability. PA not only plays the role of catalyst for the chemical crosslinking but also as the physical crosslinker to form the intermolecular hydrogen bonds with PVA and DAS. This chemically and physically double cross-linked network structure results in PDA bioplastics with excellent toughness and water resistance. Specifically, the optimal formulation with 15 % PA content, designated as PDA, exhibited a high toughness of 35.5 MJ/m and demonstrated prolonged shape retention in the boiling water. Additionally, PA also serves as a flame-retardant and antibacterial agent; the PDA achieved a high limit oxygen index (LOI) value of 40.0 % and passed the UL-94 V-0 rating without melt dripping, along with better degradability compared to pure PVA film. These outstanding performances make the PDA bioplastics highly promising for various applications, particularly in disposable plastics and laminated flexible packaging materials.
聚乙烯醇（PVA）的高水溶性和可燃性限制了其在生物塑料和绿色包装等领域的进一步广泛应用。在本研究中，使用PVA、二醛淀粉（DAS）和植酸（PA）制备了双交联聚乙烯醇/淀粉生物塑料（命名为PDA），得到了一种具有优异耐水性、阻燃性和良好降解性的材料。PA不仅作为化学交联的催化剂，还作为物理交联剂与PVA和DAS形成分子间氢键。这种化学和物理双交联网络结构使PDA生物塑料具有优异的韧性和耐水性。具体而言，PA含量为15%的最佳配方（指定为PDA）表现出35.5 MJ/m的高韧性，并在沸水中保持形状的时间延长。此外，PA还用作阻燃剂和抗菌剂；PDA的极限氧指数（LOI）值高达40.0%，通过了UL-94 V-0等级测试，且无熔体滴落，与纯PVA薄膜相比具有更好的降解性。这些优异的性能使得PDA生物塑料在各种应用中极具前景，特别是在一次性塑料和层压软包装材料方面。
