Luize Bruno Garcia, Tuomisto Hanna, Ekelschot Robin, Dexter Kyle G, Amaral Iêda L do, Coelho Luiz de Souza, Matos Francisca Dionízia de Almeida, Lima Filho Diógenes de Andrade, Salomão Rafael P, Wittmann Florian, Castilho Carolina V, Carim Marcelo de Jesus Veiga, Guevara Juan Ernesto, Phillips Oliver L, Magnusson William E, Sabatier Daniel, Cardenas Revilla Juan David, Molino Jean-François, Irume Mariana Victória, Martins Maria Pires, Guimarães José Renan da Silva, Ramos José Ferreira, Bánki Olaf S, Piedade Maria Teresa Fernandez, Cárdenas López Dairon, Pitman Nigel C A, Demarchi Layon O, Schöngart Jochen, de Leão Novo Evlyn Márcia Moraes, Núñez Vargas Percy, Silva Thiago Sanna Freire, Venticinque Eduardo Martins, Manzatto Angelo Gilberto, Reis Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh John, Casula Katia Regina, Honorio Coronado Euridice N, Mendoza Abel Monteagudo, Montero Juan Carlos, Costa Flávia R C, Feldpausch Ted R, Quaresma Adriano Costa, Castaño Arboleda Nicolás, Zartman Charles Eugene, Killeen Timothy J, Marimon Beatriz S, Marimon Ben Hur, Vasquez Rodolfo, Mostacedo Bonifacio, Assis Rafael L, Baraloto Chris, do Amaral Dário Dantas, Engel Julien, Petronelli Pascal, Castellanos Hernán, de Medeiros Marcelo Brilhante, Simon Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade Ana, Camargo José Luís, Laurance William F, Laurance Susan G W, Rincón Lorena Maniguaje, Schietti Juliana, Sousa Thaiane R, Mori Gisele Biem, Farias Emanuelle de Sousa, Lopes Maria Aparecida, Magalhães José Leonardo Lima, Nascimento Henrique Eduardo Mendonça, de Queiroz Helder Lima, Vasconcelos Caroline C, Aymard C Gerardo A, Brienen Roel, Stevenson Pablo R, Araujo-Murakami Alejandro, Cintra Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Baker Tim R, Feitosa Yuri Oliveira, Mogollón Hugo F, Duivenvoorden Joost F, Peres Carlos A, Silman Miles R, Ferreira Leandro Valle, Lozada José Rafael, Comiskey James A, de Toledo José Julio, Damasco Gabriel, Dávila Nállarett, Draper Freddie C, García-Villacorta Roosevelt, Lopes Aline, Vicentini Alberto, Valverde Fernando Cornejo, Alonso Alfonso, Arroyo Luzmila, Dallmeier Francisco, Gomes Vitor H F, Jimenez Eliana M, Neill David, Peñuela Mora Maria Cristina, Noronha Janaína Costa, de Aguiar Daniel P P, Barbosa Flávia Rodrigues, Bredin Yennie K, Carpanedo Rainiellen de Sá, Carvalho Fernanda Antunes, Souza Fernanda Coelho de, Feeley Kenneth J, Gribel Rogerio, Haugaasen Torbjørn, Hawes Joseph E, Pansonato Marcelo Petratti, Pipoly John J, Paredes Marcos Ríos, Rodrigues Domingos de Jesus, Barlow Jos, Berenguer Erika, da Silva Izaias Brasil, Ferreira Maria Julia, Ferreira Joice, Fine Paul V A, Guedes Marcelino Carneiro, Levis Carolina, Licona Juan Carlos, Villa Zegarra Boris Eduardo, Vos Vincent Antoine, Cerón Carlos, Durgante Flávia Machado, Fonty Émile, Henkel Terry W, Householder John Ethan, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco Isau, Silveira Marcos, Stropp Juliana, Thomas Raquel, Daly Doug, Milliken William, Molina Guido Pardo, Pennington Toby, Vieira Ima Célia Guimarães, Albuquerque Bianca Weiss, Campelo Wegliane, Fuentes Alfredo, Klitgaard Bente, Pena José Luis Marcelo, Tello J Sebastián, Vriesendorp Corine, Chave Jerome, Di Fiore Anthony, Hilário Renato Richard, Pereira Luciana de Oliveira, Phillips Juan Fernando, Rivas-Torres Gonzalo, van Andel Tinde R, von Hildebrand Patricio, Balee William, Barbosa Edelcilio Marques, Bonates Luiz Carlos de Matos, Dávila Doza Hilda Paulette, Zárate Gómez Ricardo, Gonzales Therany, Gallardo Gonzales George Pepe, Hoffman Bruce, Junqueira André Braga, Malhi Yadvinder, Miranda Ires Paula de Andrade, Pinto Linder Felipe Mozombite, Prieto Adriana, Rudas Agustín, Ruschel Ademir R, Silva Natalino, Vela César I A, Zent Stanford, Zent Egleé L, Endara María José, Cano Angela, Carrero Márquez Yrma Andreina, Correa Diego F, Costa Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa, Monteiro Flores Bernardo, Galbraith David, Holmgren Milena, Kalamandeen Michelle, Lobo Guilherme, Torres Montenegro Luis, Nascimento Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira Alexandre A, Pombo Maihyra Marina, Ramirez-Angulo Hirma, Rocha Maira, Scudeller Veridiana Vizoni, Umaña Maria Natalia, van der Heijden Geertje, Vilanova Torre Emilio, Vargas Tony Mori, Ahuite Reategui Manuel Augusto, Baider Cláudia, Balslev Henrik, Cárdenas Sasha, Casas Luisa Fernanda, Farfan-Rios William, Ferreira Cid, Linares-Palomino Reynaldo, Mendoza Casimiro, Mesones Italo, Parada Germaine Alexander, Torres-Lezama Armando, Urrego Giraldo Ligia Estela, Villarroel Daniel, Zagt Roderick, Alexiades Miguel N, de Oliveira Edmar Almeida, Fortier Riley P, Garcia-Cabrera Karina, Hernandez Lionel, Palacios Cuenca Walter, Pansini Susamar, Pauletto Daniela, Ramirez Arevalo Freddy, Sampaio Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval Elvis H, Valenzuela Gamarra Luis, Hirota Marina, Palma-Silva Clarisse, Ter Steege Hans
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Univers idade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Commun Biol. 2024 Oct 2;7(1):1240. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-06937-5.
We describe the geographical variation in tree species composition across Amazonian forests and show how environmental conditions are associated with species turnover. Our analyses are based on 2023 forest inventory plots (1 ha) that provide abundance data for a total of 5188 tree species. Within-plot species composition reflected both local environmental conditions (especially soil nutrients and hydrology) and geographical regions. A broader-scale view of species turnover was obtained by interpolating the relative tree species abundances over Amazonia into 47,441 0.1-degree grid cells. Two main dimensions of spatial change in tree species composition were identified. The first was a gradient between western Amazonia at the Andean forelands (with young geology and relatively nutrient-rich soils) and central-eastern Amazonia associated with the Guiana and Brazilian Shields (with more ancient geology and poor soils). The second gradient was between the wet forests of the northwest and the drier forests in southern Amazonia. Isolines linking cells of similar composition crossed major Amazonian rivers, suggesting that tree species distributions are not limited by rivers. Even though some areas of relatively sharp species turnover were identified, mostly the tree species composition changed gradually over large extents, which does not support delimiting clear discrete biogeographic regions within Amazonia.
我们描述了亚马逊森林中树种组成的地理变化，并展示了环境条件与物种更替之间的关联。我们的分析基于2023个森林清查样地（1公顷），这些样地提供了总共5188种树木的丰度数据。样地内的物种组成既反映了当地的环境条件（特别是土壤养分和水文状况），也反映了地理区域。通过将亚马逊地区相对的树种丰度插值到47441个0.1度的网格单元中，获得了更宏观尺度的物种更替视图。确定了树种组成空间变化的两个主要维度。第一个是安第斯前沿的亚马逊西部地区（地质年轻，土壤养分相对丰富）与与圭亚那和巴西盾相关的亚马逊中东部地区（地质更古老，土壤贫瘠）之间的梯度。第二个梯度是西北部的湿润森林与亚马逊南部较干燥森林之间的梯度。连接相似组成单元的等值线穿过了亚马逊的主要河流，这表明树种分布不受河流限制。尽管确定了一些物种更替相对明显的区域，但大多数情况下，树种组成在很大范围内是逐渐变化的，这并不支持在亚马逊地区划定明确的离散生物地理区域。
