Banto Eckert Dominik, Soldati Federico, Desgranges Florian
Service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervicofaciale, Département de chirurgie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne.
Rev Med Suisse. 2024 Oct 2;20(889):1756-1760. doi: 10.53738/REVMED.2024.20.889.1756.
HIV infection is characterized by several phases: an acute primary infection, a chronic phase with a progressive decline in CD4+ T lymphocytes, and an advanced disease phase called AIDS. Otorhinolaryngologic conditions affect between 40% and 80% of people living with HIV. Some are specific to AIDS, others are strongly suggestive of HIV infection, and some, though non-specific, are more common in these patients. Recognizing these conditions is crucial to early diagnosis of infection, prompt initiation of antiretroviral therapy, reduction of viral transmission, and prevention of complications. This article explores the diversity of otorhinolaryngologic clinical features seen at different stages of HIV infection.
HIV感染具有几个阶段的特征：急性原发性感染、CD4+T淋巴细胞逐渐减少的慢性期，以及称为艾滋病的晚期疾病阶段。耳鼻咽喉疾病影响40%至80%的HIV感染者。有些疾病是艾滋病特有的，有些则强烈提示HIV感染，还有一些虽然不具有特异性，但在这些患者中更为常见。认识这些疾病对于感染的早期诊断、及时启动抗逆转录病毒治疗、减少病毒传播以及预防并发症至关重要。本文探讨了在HIV感染不同阶段所见的耳鼻咽喉临床特征的多样性。
