Hussain Syed Sadam, Loh Hanyou, Paul Tanya, Paul Tashvin, Njideaka-Kevin Temiloluwa, Bhandari Sushmita, Kumar Harendra, Karam Alvina, Metu Chiamaka, Shupe Ginger, Ferrer Gerardo F, Katwal Shailendra
Department of Internal Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.
Department of Medcine, Avalon University School of Medicine, Willemstad, Curacao.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 Jun 25;86(10):5851-5858. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002310. eCollection 2024 Oct.
The COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. There is a link between increased mortality and obese individuals with the disease. The disease has been claimed to have disproportionately affected non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics. The rise in food accessibility and the drop in the relative cost of junk food items are the two most significant changes in dietary patterns. Around the world, 2.8 million people die from being overweight or obese, and those with more body fat also have a higher risk of diabetes (44%) and heart disease (23%). Obesity weakens the immune system because adipose cells infiltrate the bone marrow, spleen, and thymus. Obesity was substantially more common among COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized than those who were not hospitalized. Over 900 000 adults in the United States are hospitalized due to a COVID-19 infection. Hospitalizations in 271 700 (30.2%) cases have been attributed to obesity. Obese patients may be experiencing reduced thoracic expansion following bariatric surgery. Less tracheal collapse and air-trapping at end-expiration chest computed tomography (CT) were observed post-surgery, and patients reported reduced dyspnea. COVID-19 is estimated to cost the European Union €13.9 billion in secondary care, with 76% of that cost attributed to treatment for overweight and obese individuals. The average price per hospitalized patient also increased with increasing BMI. Screening for obesity, preventive measures, and recommendations for healthy lifestyle changes should be of the utmost importance to decrease both the health and financial implications of COVID-19.
2019年12月，中国武汉报告了新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情。该疾病导致的死亡率增加与肥胖个体之间存在关联。据称，该疾病对非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔的影响尤为严重。食物可及性的增加和垃圾食品相对成本的下降是饮食模式中两个最显著的变化。在全球范围内，280万人死于超重或肥胖，而且体脂较多的人患糖尿病（44%）和心脏病（23%）的风险也更高。肥胖会削弱免疫系统，因为脂肪细胞会浸润骨髓、脾脏和胸腺。与未住院的COVID-19患者相比，住院的COVID-19患者中肥胖更为普遍。在美国，超过90万成年人因感染COVID-19而住院。在271700例（30.2%）病例中，住院归因于肥胖。肥胖患者在接受减肥手术后可能会出现胸廓扩张减少的情况。术后胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）观察到气管塌陷减少和呼气末空气潴留减少，患者报告呼吸困难减轻。据估计，COVID-19给欧盟二级医疗保健带来的成本为139亿欧元，其中76%的成本归因于对超重和肥胖个体的治疗。每位住院患者的平均费用也随着体重指数（BMI）的增加而增加。对肥胖进行筛查、采取预防措施以及建议改变健康的生活方式对于降低COVID-19对健康和经济的影响至关重要。
