Li-Fe-Cl Families as Novel Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Batteries.

The halides have attracted much attention as novel solid electrolytes because of their easy synthesis, high electrochemical stability, and high ionic conductivities. However, the reported halides for solid electrolytes are still understudied compared with the oxides and sulfides. Here, we studied the Li-Fe-Cl phases that include LiFeCl and LiFeCl. Using the self-doping approach, a maximum ionic conductivity of 2.0 × 10 S cm at 50 °C was achieved for LiFeCl. It was improved by 3 orders of magnitude compared with that of LiFeCl (8.27 × 10 S cm at 50 °C). For the Li|LiFeCl|Li half-cell, it cycled for 2000 h at 50 °C under a current density of 0.01 mA cm, indicating an acceptable compatibility between LiFeCl and Li. Finally, an all-solid-state battery was successfully assembled with LiFeCl@LFP as the cathode, LiFeCl as the electrolyte, and a Li sheet as the anode. The initial specific charge capacity of the battery was 76.36 mAh g at 0.1C and 50 °C. The initial Coulombic efficiency was 73.06%. This study suggests LiFeCl as a new solid electrolyte, and the introduction of Li vacancies into the Li site is an efficient way to improve the electrochemical properties of halides.