National Livestock Breeding Center, Nishigo, Japan.
Japan Meat Grading Association, Chiyoda, Japan.
Anim Sci J. 2024 Jan-Dec;95(1):e14001. doi: 10.1111/asj.14001.
Pork primal weight and primal yield are important indicators for pig breeding, feeding management, commercial distribution systems, and meat processing. Here, we aimed to determine whether primal weight and primal yield could be predicted through non-destructive measurements of pork carcass traits. A total of 4397 carcasses (1958 gilts and 2439 barrows) from eight major meat processing centers were used, and the mean primal weight and primal yield were 56.0 kg and 73.9%, respectively. Significant sex differences were observed for all primal and carcass traits (P < 0.001), except for carcass weight. A maximum of 12 variables were examined, and primal weight was predicted with very high accuracy (R = 0.95, RMSE = 1.7, RPD = 3.0) using four variables. Primal yield was predicted with relatively good accuracy (R = 0.71, RMSE = 2.3, RPD = 1.4) using three variables, and these same variables were also effective for predicting primal weight. These prediction formulas were sufficiently accurate without accounting for the effect of sex. Overall, our results demonstrate that primal weight and primal yield can be accurately predicted using four variables, "carcass weight," "backfat thickness above M. gluteus medius," "spinous process length of 13th thoracic vertebra," and "length from 1st thoracic vertebra to backfat," without accounting for the effect of sex.
猪肉初级重量和初级产率是猪养殖、饲养管理、商业分销系统和肉类加工的重要指标。在这里，我们旨在确定是否可以通过对猪肉胴体特性的非破坏性测量来预测初级重量和初级产率。使用了来自八个主要肉类加工中心的 4397 个胴体（1958 头母猪和 2439 头公猪），平均初级重量和初级产率分别为 56.0 公斤和 73.9%。所有初级和胴体特性均表现出显著的性别差异（P<0.001），除了胴体重。最多检查了 12 个变量，使用四个变量可以非常准确地预测初级重量（R=0.95，RMSE=1.7，RPD=3.0）。使用三个变量可以相对准确地预测初级产率（R=0.71，RMSE=2.3，RPD=1.4），并且这些相同的变量也可用于预测初级重量。这些预测公式在不考虑性别的影响的情况下，具有足够的准确性。总体而言，我们的结果表明，可以使用四个变量，即“胴体重”、“臀中肌上方背膘厚度”、“第 13 胸椎棘突长度”和“第 1 胸椎至背膘长度”，准确地预测初级重量和初级产率，而无需考虑性别的影响。
