University of Ilorin.
Summit University Offa.
Vopr Virusol. 2024 Sep 26;69(4):320-328. doi: 10.36233/0507-4088-241.
West Nile Virus (WNV), a member of family, is one of the most widely distributed arboviruses in the world. In developing countries like Nigeria, fever resulting from the WNV infection is often presumptively ascribed to malaria or typhoid due to misdiagnosis and low-level awareness of the viral infection. This study determined the prevalence of WNV IgM and IgG antibodies among febrile patients in the Ilorin metropolis.
A total of two hundred (200) blood samples were collected from consenting patients and each serum was screened for anti-WNV IgM and IgG antibodies using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical correlation and logistic regression analysis were conducted.
Overall, 6% (12/200) anti-WNV IgM seropositivity rate was recorded amongst the acute febrile patients with higher prevalence (6.30%) in females than in males (5.45%). Anti-WNV IgG positivity rate of 52% (104/200) was recorded, with 50.67% positivity rate in males and 38.95% in female participants. The convalescence phase posited by the 5.4% (11/200) co-detection of anti-WNV IgG and IgM antibodies among the participants was recorded. A statistical correlation was noticed with the age and religion of respondents to WNV serological positivity while gender, occupation, use of mosquito nets and formal education had no positive correlation at < 0.05. However, based on odd ratio at 95% CI and logistic regression coefficients, the evaluated risk factors such as blood transfusion, residency, malaria parasite, and proximity to stagnant water and bush were significant to anti-WNV IgG and IgM positivity.
The findings of this study show the circulation of WNV in the study area. There is an urgent need for clinicians/physicians to include screening for the West Nile virus in cases of febrile patients before the commencement of treatment.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）属于黄病毒科，是世界上分布最广泛的虫媒病毒之一。在尼日利亚等发展中国家，由于误诊和对病毒感染的认识水平较低，WNV 感染引起的发热常被归因于疟疾或伤寒。本研究旨在确定伊洛林大都市发热患者中 WNV IgM 和 IgG 抗体的流行情况。
共采集 200 份同意参与的患者血液样本，每份血清均采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测抗 WNV IgM 和 IgG 抗体。进行了统计学相关性和逻辑回归分析。
在急性发热患者中，总共有 6%（12/200）的抗 WNV IgM 血清阳性率，女性的患病率（6.30%）高于男性（5.45%）。抗 WNV IgG 的阳性率为 52%（104/200），男性的阳性率为 50.67%，女性参与者的阳性率为 38.95%。在参与者中记录到恢复期，即 5.4%（11/200）的抗 WNV IgG 和 IgM 抗体同时检测呈阳性。WNV 血清学阳性与应答者的年龄和宗教有关，而性别、职业、使用蚊帐和正规教育与 < 0.05 之间无正相关。然而，根据 95%CI 的比值比和逻辑回归系数，评估的风险因素如输血、居住地、疟原虫和靠近死水和灌木丛与抗 WNV IgG 和 IgM 阳性相关。
本研究结果表明WNV 在研究区域内流行。临床医生/医生在开始治疗前，有必要对发热患者进行西尼罗河病毒筛查。
