State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
Department of Applied Biology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;281(Pt 3):136153. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136153. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Polysaccharides serve as a source of energy for organisms and play a crucial role in various life activities, exhibiting a wide array of biological functions. To develop bioactive polysaccharides for combating cancer, PGP40-2B, a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 7.05 × 10 g/mol, has been isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum, which is a traditional medicinal and edible plant with multiple functions. PGP40-2B was found to be mainly formed from several fragments including →2)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →3,4)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→, →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, and α-d-Galp-(1→. In addition to the structural characteristics characterized by various techniques, PGP40-2B was biologically assessed using zebrafish models and was found to exhibit in vivo antitumor effects. Subsequent mechanism studies suggested that the antitumor activity in vivo of PGP40-2B was not caused by cytotoxic mechanisms but was related to its targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) to inhibit angiogenesis and activate immunity.
多糖是生物体的能量来源，在各种生命活动中发挥着重要作用，具有广泛的生物功能。为了开发用于抗癌的生物活性多糖，从桔梗（一种具有多种功能的传统药用和食用植物）中分离得到了一种均一多糖 PGP40-2B，其分子量为 7.05×10 g/mol。PGP40-2B 主要由几个片段组成，包括→2)-α-l-Araf-(1→、→5)-α-l-Araf-(1→、→3,4)-α-l-Rhap-(1→、→4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→、→6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→和 α-d-Galp-(1→。除了通过各种技术表征的结构特征外，还使用斑马鱼模型对 PGP40-2B 进行了生物学评估，发现其具有体内抗肿瘤作用。随后的机制研究表明，PGP40-2B 体内的抗肿瘤活性不是由细胞毒性机制引起的，而是与其靶向血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 和程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1 (PD-1) 抑制血管生成和激活免疫有关。
