有氧运动对长新冠患者心肺功能的影响：一项随机对照试验。
Effects of aerobic training on cardiopulmonary fitness in patients with long COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial.
机构信息
School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, People's Republic of China.
Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
Trials. 2024 Oct 3;25(1):649. doi: 10.1186/s13063-024-08473-3.
BACKGROUND
Long COVID-19 is characterized by systemic deterioration of the entire body, leading to significant physical and mental disorders. Exercise training has the potential to improve persistent symptoms and cardiopulmonary functions.
METHOD
This was a single-center, randomized, controlled trial. Twenty-four patients aged 18 to 75 years who had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and long COVID symptoms. Patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either a 4-week exercise training program or an attention control group. The training group participated in 12 supervised aerobic sessions on a cycling ergometer over 4 weeks. The outcomes were to assess the impact of a 4-week aerobic exercise on the persistent symptoms and cardiopulmonary fitness, the surrogate endpoints of COVID-19 recovery and cardiopulmonary health.
RESULTS
After the 4-week intervention, significant reductions were observed in the total number of symptoms in the training group. Specifically, 67.8% of patients in the training group exhibited reduced or completely resolved symptoms, in comparison to 16.7% in the control group (P = 0.013). After adjusting for gender, significant improvements in the training group were observed for exercise time (P = 0.028), maximum load (P = 0.01), and peak VO (P = 0.001), as well as O pulse (P = 0.042) and maximum heart rate (P = 0.007). The score of Short Form-12, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and insomnia did not show significant changes between groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
A supervised aerobic training program has the potential to alleviate persistent symptoms and improve exercise tolerance in patients with long COVID-19. Further research is necessary to confirm these effects in a large population. This intervention could be easily implemented in non-hospital settings, potentially benefiting a broader range of individuals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05961462. Registered on July 25, 2023.
背景
长新冠的特征是全身恶化，导致明显的身心障碍。运动训练有可能改善持续症状和心肺功能。
方法
这是一项单中心、随机、对照试验。24 名年龄在 18 至 75 岁之间的患者，有 SARS-CoV-2 感染和长新冠症状的病史。患者按 1:1 的比例随机分配接受 4 周的运动训练计划或对照组。训练组在 4 周内参加了 12 次监督的踏车有氧运动。结果是评估 4 周有氧运动对持续症状和心肺健康的影响，替代终点为 COVID-19 康复和心肺健康。
结果
在 4 周的干预后，训练组的总症状数量明显减少。具体来说，训练组 67.8%的患者症状减轻或完全缓解，而对照组为 16.7%（P=0.013）。在调整性别后，训练组在运动时间（P=0.028）、最大负荷（P=0.01）和峰值 VO（P=0.001）以及 O 脉搏（P=0.042）和最大心率（P=0.007）方面均有显著改善。短式健康调查 12 项、抑郁、焦虑、感知压力和失眠评分在组间无显著变化（P>0.05）。
结论
监督的有氧运动训练方案有可能缓解长新冠患者的持续症状和提高运动耐量。需要进一步的研究来确认这些效果在更大的人群中的存在。这种干预措施可以很容易地在非医院环境中实施，可能使更多的人受益。
临床试验注册号
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05961462。于 2023 年 7 月 25 日注册。
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