Andy Liang, Fan He, Valerie Sung, Jing Wang
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Acta Paediatr. 2025 Jan;114(1):35-50. doi: 10.1111/apa.17445. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
To systematically review the literature on noise exposure within the neonatal intensive care unit/special care nursery settings, specifically to describe: noise characteristics, sources of noise and ways of measuring noise.
Systematic searches were conducted through databases Medline, Embase and PubMed. Studies were included if they met the inclusion criteria (1) reported noise characteristics; (2) reported noise exposure measurements; (3) in the neonatal intensive care unit/ special care nursery settings. Methods and key findings were extracted from included studies. Quality analysis was done using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
We identified 1651 studies, screened 871, reviewed 112 and included 47. All reported NICU average equivalent sound levels were consistently louder than recommended guidelines (45 dB). The most consistent association with higher sound pressure levels were noise sources grouped under people congregation. Half of the studies did not use measuring devices adhering to international sound level meter (SLM) standards.
All NICUs exceeded recommended accumulative sound levels. People were the most consistent source of noise. Sound pressure levels need to be consistently measured with devices adhering to international SLM standards in future studies.
系统回顾新生儿重症监护病房/特殊护理病房环境中噪声暴露的相关文献，具体描述：噪声特征、噪声源及噪声测量方法。
通过Medline、Embase和PubMed数据库进行系统检索。符合以下纳入标准的研究被纳入：（1）报告噪声特征；（2）报告噪声暴露测量结果；（3）针对新生儿重症监护病房/特殊护理病房环境。从纳入研究中提取方法和主要发现。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表的修订版进行质量分析。
我们共识别出1651项研究，筛选了871项，审阅了112项，最终纳入47项。所有研究报告的新生儿重症监护病房平均等效声级均持续高于推荐指南（45分贝）。与较高声压级最一致的关联是人群聚集相关的噪声源。一半的研究未使用符合国际声级计（SLM）标准的测量设备。
所有新生儿重症监护病房的累积声级均超过推荐水平。人群是最主要的噪声源。在未来研究中，需要使用符合国际SLM标准的设备持续测量声压级。
