College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Sep 19;12:1454217. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1454217. eCollection 2024.
Sleep disturbances among college students have become a significant issue affecting their daily lives. This study aims to explore the relationship between smartphone dependence and sleep quality and examine the mediating roles of negative emotions and health-promoting behaviors.
A total of 23,652 college students were included in the study, and 21,314 valid questionnaires were collected. The survey assessed demographic factors, smartphone dependence, sleep quality, negative emotions, and health-promoting behaviors. A chain mediation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among these factors.
Smartphone dependence was significantly positively correlated with sleep quality ( = 0.272, < 0.001) and negative emotions ( = 0.414, < 0.001), and significantly negatively correlated with health-promoting behaviors ( = -0.178, < 0.001). Sleep quality was positively correlated with negative emotions ( = 0.472, < 0.001) and negatively correlated with health-promoting behaviors ( = -0.218, < 0.001).Smartphone dependence was a significant positive predictor of sleep quality. Moreover, negative emotions and health-promoting behaviors influenced the relationship between smartphone dependence and sleep quality. The total effect, direct effect, and indirect effect values were 0.304, 0.122, and 0.170, respectively.
Different demographic factors (such as gender and place of residence) can lead to variations in different variables. Smartphone dependence and negative emotions have a positive impact on sleep quality among college students, while health-promoting behaviors have a negative impact. Smartphone dependence directly and positively affects sleep quality and can also influence it indirectly through the mediating effects of negative emotions and health-promoting behaviors, both individually and in a chain-like manner.
大学生的睡眠障碍已成为影响其日常生活的重要问题。本研究旨在探讨智能手机依赖与睡眠质量之间的关系，并考察负性情绪和健康促进行为的中介作用。
共纳入 23652 名大学生，回收有效问卷 21314 份。调查评估了人口统计学因素、智能手机依赖、睡眠质量、负性情绪和健康促进行为。采用链式中介分析检验这些因素之间的关系。
智能手机依赖与睡眠质量（ = 0.272， < 0.001）和负性情绪（ = 0.414， < 0.001）呈显著正相关，与健康促进行为（ = -0.178， < 0.001）呈显著负相关。睡眠质量与负性情绪（ = 0.472， < 0.001）呈显著正相关，与健康促进行为（ = -0.218， < 0.001）呈显著负相关。智能手机依赖是睡眠质量的显著正向预测因素。此外，负性情绪和健康促进行为影响了智能手机依赖与睡眠质量之间的关系。总效应、直接效应和间接效应值分别为 0.304、0.122 和 0.170。
不同的人口统计学因素（如性别和居住地）会导致不同变量的变化。智能手机依赖和负性情绪对大学生睡眠质量有正向影响，而健康促进行为则有负向影响。智能手机依赖直接且正向影响睡眠质量，也可以通过负性情绪和健康促进行为的中介作用间接影响睡眠质量，既有单独的影响，也有链式的影响。
