Vandenberghe Camille, Hardy Elisabelle, Morin Marie Christine, St-Pierre Valérie, Groulx Karine, Fortier Mélanie, Tessier Daniel, Leclerc Paul, Cunnane Stephen C
Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Clinique Nutritive, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2025 Jan 1;50:1-10. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0277. Epub 2024 Oct 4.
Poor glucose regulation associated with gradual insulin resistance is a significant risk factor in several age-related chronic diseases. An eating plan that promotes a lower carbohydrate intake may have a beneficial effect on glucose metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate how a diet reduced in carbohydrate by 32% (RCHO) over a 2 month period would influence the metabolic profile of older individuals ( = 24) living in a retirement home (RH). A continuous glucose monitor was used to measure blood glucose during four periods: the standard diet before (baseline) and after (washout) the intervention, during the 4 initial days of the RCHO diet (RCHO-early), and the final days of the 2 month intervention (RCHO-end). The blood metabolic profile was also measured (glucose, ketones, insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol). RCHO intake decreased average blood glucose compared to the standard diet in hyperglycemic participants: RCHO-early 7.8 ± 1.0 vs 7.5 ± 1.1 mM ( 0.012) and RCHO-end 7.8 ± 1.0 vs 7.0 ± 0.9 mM ( 0.050). In the hyperglycemic participants, the percentage of time spent in hyperglycemia (>10.0 mM) decreased by 50% during the RCHO-early ( 0.012) and by 66% at RCHO-end ( 0.021) compared to baseline. Glycated hemoglobin was significantly lower at RCHO-end in both hyperglycemic and normoglycemic participants compared to baseline ( < 0.008). Plasma ketones increased threefold in hyperglycemic participants at RCHO-end compared to baseline ( < 0.028). This study shows that an RCHO diet has metabolic health benefits in an older population and confirms its safety, tolerability, and acceptability in an RH (NCT06022094).
与逐渐出现的胰岛素抵抗相关的血糖调节不良是几种与年龄相关的慢性疾病的重要危险因素。促进较低碳水化合物摄入量的饮食计划可能对葡萄糖代谢产生有益影响。本研究旨在评估在两个月期间碳水化合物摄入量减少32%（RCHO）的饮食如何影响居住在养老院（RH）的老年个体（n = 24）的代谢状况。使用连续血糖监测仪在四个时间段测量血糖：干预前（基线）和干预后（洗脱期）的标准饮食期间、RCHO饮食的最初4天（RCHO早期）以及2个月干预的最后几天（RCHO末期）。还测量了血液代谢状况（葡萄糖、酮体、胰岛素、甘油三酯和胆固醇）。与标准饮食相比，RCHO饮食降低了高血糖参与者的平均血糖：RCHO早期为7.8±1.0 vs 7.5±1.1 mM（P = 0.012），RCHO末期为7.8±1.0 vs 7.0± .9 mM（P = 0.050）。在高血糖参与者中，与基线相比，在RCHO早期高血糖（>10.0 mM）持续时间的百分比降低了5 .%（P = 0.012），在RCHO末期降低了66%（P = 0.021）。与基线相比，高血糖和血糖正常参与者在RCHO末期糖化血红蛋白均显著降低（P < 0.008）。与基线相比，高血糖参与者在RCHO末期血浆酮体增加了两倍（P < 0.028）。本研究表明，RCHO饮食对老年人群具有代谢健康益处，并证实了其在养老院（NCT06022094）中的安全性、耐受性和可接受性。
