Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Wolczanska 213, 93-005 Lodz, Poland; Lodz University of Technology, International Centre for Research on Innovative Bio-based Materials, 2/22 Stefanowskiego, 90-537, Poland; Warsaw University of Technology, Centre for Advanced Materials and Technology (CEZAMAT), 19 Poleczki, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland.
University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Molecular Microbiology, 12/16 Banacha, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;281(Pt 1):136254. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136254. Epub 2024 Oct 2.
Biomaterials and synthetic polymers have been widely used to replicate the regenerative microenvironment of the peripheral nervous system. Chitosan-based conduits have shown promise in the regeneration of nerve injuries. However, to mimic the regenerative microenvironment, the scaffold structure should possess bioactive properties. This can be achieved by the incorporation of biomolecules (e.g., proteins, peptides) or trophic factors that should preferably be aligned and/or released with controlled kinetics to activate the process of positive axon chemotaxis. In this study, sodium L-lactate has been used to enhance the bioactive properties of chitosan-hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone electrodeposits. Next, two methods have been developed to incorporate NGF-loaded microspheres - Method 1 involves entrapment and co-deposition of NGF-loaded microspheres, while Method 2 is based on absorption of NGF-loaded microspheres. The study shows that modification of chitosan-hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone conduits by sodium L-lactate significantly improves their bioactive, biological, and physicochemical properties. The obtained implants are cytocompatible, enhancing the neurite regeneration process by stimulating its elongation. The absorption of NGF-loaded microspheres into the conduit structure may be considered more favorable for the stimulation of axonal elongation compared to entrapment, as it allows for trophic factor dose-dependent controlled release. The developed conduits possess properties essential for the successful treatment of peripheral nerve discontinuities.
生物材料和合成聚合物已广泛用于复制周围神经系统的再生微环境。壳聚糖基导管在神经损伤的再生中显示出了希望。然而，为了模拟再生微环境，支架结构应具有生物活性。这可以通过掺入生物分子（例如蛋白质、肽）或营养因子来实现，这些分子最好以受控的动力学进行排列和/或释放，以激活阳性轴突趋化作用的过程。在这项研究中，使用 L-乳酸钠来增强壳聚糖-羟基磷灰石/聚己内酯电沉积的生物活性。接下来，开发了两种方法来掺入负载 NGF 的微球 - 方法 1 涉及负载 NGF 的微球的包埋和共沉积，而方法 2 基于负载 NGF 的微球的吸收。研究表明，通过 L-乳酸钠对壳聚糖-羟基磷灰石/聚己内酯导管进行修饰，可显著改善其生物活性、生物学和物理化学性质。获得的植入物具有细胞相容性，通过刺激其伸长来增强神经突再生过程。与包埋相比，将负载 NGF 的微球吸收到导管结构中可能更有利于刺激轴突伸长，因为它允许营养因子剂量依赖性的控制释放。开发的导管具有成功治疗周围神经不连续性所需的特性。
