Recio Albert C, Stiens Steven A, Morgan Marjorie, Selvarajah Shalini, Mazeh Amna C, Habgood Mark D, Saunders Norman R
Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
The International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Health Open Res. 2024 Sep 11;6:6. doi: 10.12688/healthopenres.13582.1. eCollection 2024.
The aim of this study was to explore whether sail training using a VSail® simulator would allow people with spinal cord injuries (SCI) to learn to sail in a safe controlled environment and then sail competently on the water in wind of moderate strength (12 knots). A battery of physical tests and questionnaires was used to evaluate possible improvements in health and well-being as a consequence of participation in the trial.
Twenty participants were recruited with the assistance of their physicians from The International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kennedy Krieger Institute. Inclusion criteria were SCI >6 months previously, medically stable, with no recent (1 month or less) inpatient admission for acute medical or surgical issues. All neurological SCI levels (C1-S1) were eligible. All subjects followed a programme of instruction leading to mastery of basic sailing techniques (steering predetermined courses, sail trimming, tacking, gybing and mark rounding).
Not all participants completed the study for various reasons. Those that did were seven males and six females, six with tetraplegia and seven with paraplegia. The mean age was 45 years (23 to 63) and the average time since injury was 14.7 years (2 to 38 years). At the end of the course subjects were able to perform the sailing maneuvers and navigate a triangular racecourse on the simulator's display in 12 knots of wind within a pre-set time. At 6 weeks post completion of training most subjects showed a decrease in depression, physical and social limitations, and an improvement in physical tests. These improvements were maintained or increased in most participants by 12 weeks, but not others.
The primary objective of the trial was achieved as all participants who completed the VSail® training were able to sail on the water at the Downtown Sailing Center in Baltimore.
本研究的目的是探讨使用VSail®模拟器进行帆船训练是否能让脊髓损伤（SCI）患者在安全可控的环境中学习帆船驾驶，并随后在中等强度风力（12节）的水面上熟练驾驶。通过一系列身体测试和问卷调查来评估参与试验对健康和幸福感可能产生的改善。
在肯尼迪·克里格研究所国际脊髓损伤中心医生的协助下招募了20名参与者。纳入标准为6个月前以上发生的脊髓损伤、病情稳定、近期（1个月或更短时间）无因急性医疗或外科问题而住院。所有神经学脊髓损伤水平（C1 - S1）均符合条件。所有受试者都遵循了一个教学计划，以掌握基本的帆船技术（沿着预定航线驾驶、调整帆的角度、转向、转向和绕过标志）。
并非所有参与者都因各种原因完成了研究。完成研究的有7名男性和6名女性，6名四肢瘫痪患者和7名截瘫患者。平均年龄为45岁（23至63岁），受伤后的平均时间为14.7年（2至38年）。课程结束时，受试者能够在模拟器显示屏上在12节风速下的预设时间内完成帆船操纵并驾驭三角形赛道。在训练完成后6周，大多数受试者的抑郁、身体和社交限制有所减轻，身体测试有所改善。这些改善在大多数参与者中在12周时得以维持或增强，但其他参与者并非如此。
试验的主要目标得以实现，因为所有完成VSail®训练的参与者都能够在巴尔的摩市中心帆船中心的水面上驾驶帆船。
